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题库 / Prep2012-SC-5
In Alexandria, the Ptolemys founded a library so as the written remains of Greek literature could be gathered together and systematized.
so as
in which
and
whereby
by which
题目分析：
本题中不同选项的连词在不断改变，要求考生仔细审视两个小句间的关系。
选项分析：
A选项：so as不能单独作连词。要么用于比较（和as…as…作用相仿），要么身后加不定式，即，so as to。因此，本选项在语法上不正确。
B选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的，即，the Ptolemys建立了某一种图书馆。请注意，in which是定语从句的关系词，先行词在定语从句中充当状语。
C选项：本选项的连词用了and，虽然在语法上合理，但是在逻辑上是有错误的。译成中文则有：
the Ptolemys建立了图书馆，并且书籍可以被整理和系统化了。
显然地，划线的两句话之间应该是因果关系，而不是并列关系。
D选项：whereby是副词而不是连词，因此其不能连接两个句子。
E选项：两个小句之间的关系没有问题，但由于by的加入，其使得a library成为了the written remains of Greek literature could be gathered together and systematized的主语（被动语态的规定，A is done by B中，B就是do的逻辑主语）。在逻辑上，图书馆不能主动发出“整理”这个动作，而只能是人“在图书馆里”整理图书。
A so as用法错误
A: so as 不能单独做连词
B：ok
C: 前后并非并列关系，前方说P资助了一家图书馆，后面是在解释说明这个图书馆的特征特点
D/E：Whereby = by which
I never said that library is an agent that gathers (how a non living thing can accomplish that?)
I meant library is a place 'in which' we keep literature. So in which fits the bill
1. 前后两句没有因果关系：建立图书馆这件事并不能让希腊文学汇集和系统化，而应该是其他动作，所以AD错
2. C ：这两句并不在一个平面上，不能并列
3. by which 里图书馆做主语，in which 图书馆做状语，所以应该是in which
whereby是副词 从而
"So as" should be followed by to + verb. It expresses the ultimate purpose of some action, usually indirectly or in potential terms.
I purchased a ladder, so as to be able to reach the highest shelves.
(Note the indirect relationship: Buying a ladder does not directly let one reach higher. First, one must actually take the ladder home, put it on the ground, and climb onto it.)
"So as to" is somewhat weird. It's not actually wrong, but I don't think GMAC would include it in an incorrect answer.
(This is not the same as so + (adjective) + as to + (verb), which is a common construction: Some of these feats are so difficult as to be nearly impossible even for the world's most accomplished athletes.
"So that" is followed by a complete sentence, expressing the purpose of something. Its meaning is a lot like that of "so as to".
Jimmy bought a ladder so that he could reach the top shelves.
Official Answer:
Idiom; Logical predication
The sentence describes the Ptoiemys' objective in founding a library as a location where Greek literature could be gathered together and systematized. The correct version of the sentence makes this locational importance clear.
A. The connector so as is imprecise and unidiomatic. The correct expression would be so that.
B. Correct. A library is a location, and the phrase in which is consistent with this meaning.
C. The additive conjunction and does not accurately describe the relationship between the library and the gathering and systematizing of literature.
D. Whereby indicates that the library is a means of gathering and systematizing, instead of a place where this happens.
E. By which indicates that the library is an agent of gathering and systematizing, which makes no sense.
The correct answer is B.
whereby: 连词，表示后半句是前半句的状语
见到which,就说明是定语从句
被动式+ by+名词通常表示逻辑主语，这里不能用by which，by which表示图书馆gather and systematize the remains
E,by在被动句中是一个表动作被by后词语发出的副词，在这里意思就是文学被收集被图书馆。即图书馆收集文学。
B,In which在定语从句中做副词，意指在图书馆，文学被被收集
Found v建立 过去式：founded
没注意句子的逻辑，图书馆建立和希腊书记被收集没有必然的因果联系，所以不能把后面句子作为状语，A和D逻辑不通；再者whereby不能做连词
E. By which indicates that the library is an agent of gathering and systematizing, which makes no sense.
by which肯定没有in which 好
而且这里前后两件事情之间并不存在因果关系（目的性）所以就算改成so as to也不好
E,by在被动句中是一个表动作被by后词语发出的副词，在这里意思就是文学被收集被图书馆。即图书馆收集文学。
B,In which在定语从句中做副词，意指在图书馆，文学被被收集
mark
A选项：so as不能单独作连词。要么用于比较（和as…as…作用相仿），要么身后加不定式，即，so as to。
D选项：whereby是副词而不是连词，表示方式，意为通过，借此。In a just society there must be a system whereby people can seek redress through the courts
E选项：被动语态的规定，A is done by B中，B就是do的逻辑主语
mark
A选项：so as不能单独作连词。要么用于比较（和as…as…作用相仿），要么身后加不定式，即，so as to。
D选项：whereby是副词而不是连词，表示方式，意为通过，借此。In a just society there must be a system whereby people can seek redress through the courts
E选项：被动语态的规定，A is done by B中，B就是do的逻辑主语
"in which" --- the location
whereby indicates that the library is ameans of gathering and systematizing, instead of a place where this happens.
by which indicates that the library is an agent of gathering and systematizing, which makes no sense.
whereby大部分用作副词，表示方式，意为通过，借此，偶尔也用作连词
so as 看作是结果状语，修饰found的动作，这个逻辑不成立
这里应用定从，so as，whereby状语错；and并列错
whereby：by means of which or according to which
由此；借以