The industrial pollutants known as PCB's were first manufactured in 1929 and were used as coolants for electrical equipment in Europe and North America the 1970s, when studies showed that the compounds had entered the food chain and were harmful to some animals.


that the compounds had entered the food chain and were harmful to some animals

the compounds to have entered the food chain and be harmful to some animals

the entry of the compounds into the food chain as harmful to some animals

the entry of the compounds into the food chain and its harmfulness to animals

the compounds entering into the food chain and harming some animals

考题讲解

题目分析:
在(A)(B)(D)(E)中,具有and关系的是enter和were两个句子(或名物化后的名词);在(C)中,enter和harmful之间是as关系(这里as是介词,意思是“作为”)。

选项分析:

A选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。

B选项:不定式短语 the compounds to have entered the food chain and be harmful to some animals需改为宾语从句 that the compounds had entered the food chain and were harmful to some animals。这点考查了不定式和从句的区别。用之于本题,由于show的控制力较弱,所以其宾语部分应用宾语从句

C选项:名词短语the entry of the compounds into the food chain需改为宾语从句that the compounds had entered the food chain。这点考查了名词和从句的区别。用之于本题,由于研究揭示的内容在本题中可以被认为是“事实”,而事实没有时间终止点,应该用宾语从句。另外,enter和harmful之间应是并列关系而不是“作为”关系。

D选项:名词短语the entry of the compounds into the food chain错误同选项(C)。

E选项:在语法上,通常只有感官动词才允许在宾语的补足语中用分词短语,例如:
I see a man standing outside.
显然地,show不是感官动词,不允许宾补部分用ing短语。

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Prep2012-SC

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