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题库 / Prep2012-SC-64
Although beavers can still be found throughout the western United States, their number has declined compared with the eighteenth century, when the abundance of beavers lured armies of European trappers into the Rocky Mountain region to slaughter them for their pelts.
their number has declined compared with
their numbers have declined compared with
their numbers have declined since
their numbers have in comparison to those of
the number of them declined since
题目分析：
在(A)(B)(D)中，their number has declined和the eighteenth century之间是对比关系（compared with）；在(C)(E)中，their number has declined和the eighteenth century之间是自从关系（since）。在逻辑上，与划线部分形成转折关系（although）的内容是：“在美国的西部海狸依然能被发现（beavers can still be found throughout the western United States）”，如果想和前文形成转折关系，那么划线部分的内容应该表述为“海狸的数量自从18世纪就开始下降了”而不是“相比于18世纪海狸的数量，现在海狸的数量下降了”（如果仅仅是数量下降话，这反而证明海狸应该能被发现（只是下降，没有消失），两个小句不会存在转折关系），可以排除(A)(B)(D)。第二，如果时间状语是由since引导，那么谓语动词必须以完成时的形式出现，可以排除(E)，答案为(C)。
选项分析：
略
错在了 认为不可以用numbers ， 2） compared with xxx， with后面可以省略名词 the numbers? 比如compared with in the 18th century
不可以。compare with中的with是介词，介词后必须加名词来形成介宾短语，因此不能再加in xxx了。只有连词会有省略的情况，例如as，or，and等等。
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the number of beaver
beaver's numbers
这两个是一样的
你哪来那么多 很明显
A/B/D：下降/上升/增加/减少等已经暗含了对比关系，不再用compare with/in comparison等
D，those of the eighteenth century没有平行对象。前面是一个单独的不带修饰语的名词their numbers，不能与those of平行。如果是Their numbers of today declined from those of 18th，满足平行要求（但很wordy）。
某物的数量到底是多还是少并不清楚时，倾向于用numbers，如：
In Scotland, the wild salmon’s numbers have been reduced by uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.三文鱼的数量虽然是一个数字，也用了numbers。
The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with (A) extinction; its numbers are now five-times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970’s.北极鸟的数量用了numbers
number/numbers:
表示某物的数量，可以说the number of sth，也可以说number/numbers。如：
Los Angeles has a higher number of family dwellings per capita than does any other large city. 这里用number不用numbers，因为每户的住房面积是一个数字而不是很多歌数字。
Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year, the board of directors, at its quarterly meeting, raised the possibility of adding worker incentives. 因为每个公司的生产指标有很多，所以用复数形式的production numbers.
the number of beaver
beaver's numbers
这两个是一样的
the number of beaver（数量清楚） = beaver's numbers（数量不清楚）
E的时态
have done since ...
E： 如果时间状语是由since引导，那么谓语动词必须以完成时的形式出现
number/numbers: 表示某物的数量，可以说the number of sth，也可以说number/numbers。如： Los Angeles has a higher number of family dwellings per capita than does any other large city. 这里用number不用numbers，因为每户的住房面积是一个数字而不是很多歌数字。 Upset by the recent downturn in production numbers during the first half of the year, the board of directors, at its quarterly meeting, raised the possibility of adding worker incentives. 因为每个公司的生产指标有很多，所以用复数形式的production numbers.
某物的数量到底是多还是少并不清楚时，倾向于用numbers，如： In Scotland, the wild salmon’s numbers have been reduced by uncontrolled deep-sea and coastal netting, by pollution, and by various other threats to the fish’s habitat.三文鱼的数量虽然是一个数字，也用了numbers。 The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with (A) extinction; its numbers are now five-times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970’s.北极鸟的数量用了numbers
* the use of both "declined" and "in comparison to" is redundant. if you have a word that actually makes a comparison (e.g., "declined"), then you don't also use "in comparison to" / "compared to" / etc.
* when you have "that"/"those" in a comparison, it has to be parallel to something that is similarly qualified. for instance:
the cars of today are more fuel-efficient than were those of yesteryear.
--> this works, because "cars of today" and "cars of yesteryear" are both examples of "cars" that are somehow qualified/narrowed down.
but...
cars are more fuel-efficient today than were those of yesteryear.
--> incorrect; you can't compare "those of xxxxx" vs. just "cars".
in choice (d), you just have "their numbers". i.e., "numbers" is qualified by "their", but not by a time period.
therefore, that phrase can make a sensible comparison to the numbers of some other species (Their numbers have declined more quickly than those of most other species)... but not to the numbers of another time period.
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since完成时标志
beavers，海狸；pelts，毛毡；slaughter屠杀。
海狸在18世纪时被欧洲人屠杀，后面也一直被杀，所以是since18世纪；
我还以为beavers是个种族，18世纪被杀过一次，后面也不可能一直屠杀人家到现在吧。。。
如果beavers是指种族的话，首字母要大写。
！！
如果时间状语是由since引导，那么谓语动词必须以完成时的形式出现，可以排除(E)，答案为(C)。
曼哈顿上说时间、数量和测量单位都要用of结构，不能用所有格？
pelt
n. 毛皮
the number of beaver
beaver's numbers
这两个是一样的
the use of both "declined" and "in comparison to" is redundant. if you have a word that actually makes a comparison (e.g., "declined"), then you don't also use "in comparison to" / "compared to" / etc.
ABD illogically compare beavers or the beaver populations to the eighteenth century.