状语从句

状语从句 (Adverbial Clause)指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语非谓语动词定语状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时一般用逗号与主句隔开(个别情况下也可以不用),位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

状语从句的构造和名词性从句基本相同,但是用法不同。名词性从句必须当作名词使用,在主要句子中必须放在主语,宾语,或者补语等名词放置的位置。若删除名词性从句,则会出现语法错误。但是,状语从句则是副词性的,用来修饰主句,是一个可有可无的修饰语,整个删除往往也不会给主句带来语法错误。

状语从句和主句之间由连词连接(常见:because although though when while whereas if等等),可以表示时间,条件,结果,原因,让步等等。例如:

(1) When I was six, I went to school. (当我六岁的时候,我去上学了)
(2) As the children walked along, they sang happily. (孩子们一边走一边高兴地唱着)
(3) If the weather is fine, I will not stay at home. (如果天气很好,我就不会待在家里)
(4) He did not go to Africa, for the weather is too hot there. (他不回去非洲,因为那里的天气太热了)
(5) There is so much noise that we cannot hear the teacher. (这里是如此的吵以至于我们听不见老师讲话了)
(6) Although he was tired, he had to stay up for work. (虽然他累,但是他还得坚持工作)

例句中的划线部分均为状语从句。状语从句和主句之间实际上可以看成是两个完全不同的分句,两个分句之间具有明确的关系。

除了这些比较简单的状语从句外,还有一种以-ever作为连接词的状语从句,例如:

Wherever you go, I will follow. (无论你去哪里,我都跟着)

实际上,wh-ever可以解释为No matter wh-,表示让步,例如例句等于:

No matter where you go, I will follow. (无论你去哪里,我都跟着)

又例如:

Whoever (= No matter who) calls, I won't answer.
However (= No matter how) cold it is, he's always wearing a shirt only.
Whenever (= No matter when) you like, you can call me.

作者:毕出 更新时间:2021-01-29 18:26
相关视频

语法54:状语从句简介

登录注册 后可以参加讨论

快来第一个发言吧