现象解释型考题

先举一个例题：

The Earth has many properties in common with the Moon. For example, each of them belongs to the solar system,is nonluminous, and has rotation and revolution. However, although the Earth exists life, the Moon does not exist life.

Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the apparently surprising result?

(A)   The Moon’s environment being tough, there can be no biological existence.
(B)   The Moon’s temperature is quite different from the Earth’s.
(C)   Rotation and revolution have little effect on some kinds of life.
(D)   There are no signs of life on the moon by far.
(E)    It is easy for human beings to survey the moon using the advanced technology.

在GMAT中，较为常见的题型是：A--->B，之后问我们如何削弱该推理。现在的这种问法属于反其道而行之，即，A, however, not B，之后问我们如何解释结论中not B这个情况。实际上，两种问法在原则上完全相同。试想，如果我们有能力削弱A--->B，那么自然可以解释为什么“A不能推出B”，即，A, however, not B。因此，本题完全等价于：

The Earth has many properties in common with the Moon. For example, each of them belongs to the solar system,is nonluminous, and has rotation and revolution. Therefore, just as the Earth exists life, so the Moon exists life.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion above?

(A)   The Moon’s environment being tough, there can be no biological existence.
(B)   The Moon’s temperature is quite different from the Earth’s.
(C)   Rotation and revolution have little effect on some kinds of life.
(D)   There are no signs of life on the moon by far.
(E)    It is easy for human beings to survey the moon using the advanced technology.