A其实反而稀释了
* "namely" must be used either before a noun or before a noun phrase / clause.
you can't use it directly before an independent clause.
because of this principle, you can't say "namely they vary...". however, "namely that they vary..." and "namely considerable variation" are both fine.
this kills (a) and (e).
作用题:文中最后一句话起了什么作用
这句话就是前面一句的具体例子The political rhetoric of a particular era, for example, may influence women's interpretations of the significance of their experience. 某一个时期的政治隐喻可能影响女性对于自身经历的解读
choice c,选项里inaccurately 过于绝对,原文只说了政治因素会起影响,没有说这种影响导致了‘不正确得记录’
Moreover, the stories people tell to explain themselves are shaped by narrative devices and storytelling conventions, as well as by other cultural and historical factors, in ways that the storytellers may be unaware of.
直接细节:Such narratives, unlike most standard histories, represent experience from the perspective of women, affirm the importance of women's contributions, and furnish present-day women with historical continuity that is essential to their identity, individually and collectively.
Scholars of women's history should, however, be as cautious about accepting oral narratives at face value as they already are about written memories.
However, since many financiers believe that deficits ordinarily create inflation, then admittedly they will be inclined to raise interest rates to offset mistakenly anticipated inflation“但是,因为金融学家认为赤字按道理说会引起通货膨胀,故他们固然会倾向于增长利率来期望补偿他们所错误认为的会增长的通货膨胀。”
结合具体语境看,正是因为financiers本身的信念导致了interest rate提高,虽然这种提高并非是由deficit直接造成的。在旁观者看来却也是deficit和increased interest rate同时出现了,因此说第二个论点有一定真实的地方
不能用逗号隔开主语和谓语动词。(有时因有插入语导致谓语动词身前有逗号,这不矛盾。因为那个逗号是用来隔开插入语和主句的,不是用来隔开主语和谓语动词的。语法上不允许有目的是为了隔开主语和谓语动词的逗号)
Financing the deficit by increasing the money supply should cause inflation only when there is not enough room for economic growth.
only when...只有当没有足够的空间给经济增长的时候,通过增加金钱供给解决赤字才会导致通货膨胀
只有三者平行或者两个完整的句子间的and前才应该加逗号)。
The second argument supposes that the government will tend to finance its deficits by increasing the money supply with insufficient regard for whether there is enough room for economic growth to enable such an increase to occur without causing inflation
第二个论据认为,政府会通过提高金钱供给,在没有充分考虑是否有足够的经济增长空间允许这样的增长在不引起的通货膨胀的前提之下发生。
with insufficient regard= careless 改写
choice e, increases the money supply whenever there is enough room for growth to support the increase。意思和原文正好相反
主旨题:作者通过批判支持Conventional wisdom has it that large deficits in the United States budget cause interest rates to rise的2个argument,来说明conventional wisdom是站不住脚的
D选项没有宾语理解了,但不太明白have been inspired时态是否有问题呢
Ketcham is so strongly committed to justifying the classical ideals, however, that he underestimates the advantages of their decline.
Ketcham是如此旨在为传统理念正名,导致他低估了传统理念衰落带来的好处
从Jackson's tenure (the seventh presidency) as the culmination of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism. 可知,Jackson的大部分支持者是支持party,commerce,和individualism
choice a, 许多Jackson的支持者抵抗commerce,削弱了作者的观点
constitute也有 to be considered to be something的意思
直接细节
choice c,For the Jacksonians, nonpartisanship lost its relevance, and under the direction of Van Buren, party gained a new legitimacy.注意new legitimacy,新的合法性
choice e, Although Ketcham does not picture the struggle in quite this way, he does rightly see Jackson's tenure (the seventh presidency) as the culmination of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism. 他认为Jackson的任期是对party,commerce和individualism的接受达到顶峰
补充下关于each other还是another选择的思路。OG里面说 teams represent their own chief at the court of... 这里指的是舞蹈队代表自己的首领在(另一个首领跳舞)还是(在另一群舞蹈队跳舞),因为their own chief暗示了这句话应该是和chief之间做比较,而不是另一群舞蹈队。根据指代的单双可以选择another,望指正~
In a new book about the antiparty feeling of the early political leaders of the United States, Ralph Ketcham argues that the first six Presidents differed decisively from later Presidents because the first six held values inherited from the classical humanist tradition of eighteenth-century England
作者通篇都在评述 Ralph Ketcham的观点:最早的6位美国总统和之后的总统都不一样
对于D选项的解释,我还是觉得有些疑问,个人觉得 call for 的动作发出者是admin应该没什么错误的。而真正排除D选项的,应该就是语义啊,restrictions, which include 水银之类的东西,是语义错误,因为水银本身不是restrcition,而e选项的介词on刚好解决了这问题
同意!