The -ing form of a verb can be used as a noun (e.g., running is her favorite sport), but it is often awkward, particularly when used with a possessive, as in this case. Substituting the noun attempt for the gerund trying eliminates the problem. While chemical that is irritating it and chemical irritating it are both grammatically correct and could be appropriate in some usages, they are excessively wordy for this context.

A Splitting, a verb, is not parallel to reversals, the onset, and eruptions, and its role as a member in the series is unclear.
C Verb split is not parallel to reversals, the onset, and eruptions.
D If the impacts truly caused continents, the verb created would be used, but it makes no sense to say impacts caused continents and this phrase is not parallel to the other noun phrases.

retaining the highest-level top executives is related more positively to post acquisition success than retaining lower-ranked top executives.就是靠表面的意思，底层对收购后的贡献小于高层，
A选项：little effort...没提到；
B选项：与任期无关；
D选项：同B
E选项：没提与成功收购的关系，只提到高底层在收购后的作用上哪个更大

C Correct. The use of and in this sentence unites the three parallel elements; the phrase while raising provides a clear contrast with have reduced.
D And is required to link the parallel elements; the verb reduced applies to all three parallel elements, so inserting lowered before fatigue illogically suggests that fatigue actually increased.

关于收购公司一般都是失败的原因，学者集中注意力在对于被收购公司的高头衔的执行者的留用还是低头衔者。保留高头衔的执行者的手工公司往往更成功，但是有两点局限：一是任期长短；二是任期长短和收购结果的关系有两种不同的说法：有人认为任期长有利，对于收购公司的相关的知识的了解，有利于执行策略；有人认为任期短好，因为更有效应对变化。其实是任期长好，虽然对于变化应对没那么快。

A To be is unnecessary; these must be replaced by them. 
 Idiom; Diction; Parallelism

BCD 的主语都是hydrogen, 与Like any star 不匹配。A， expands and eject 不匹配。

比较的题型：1）比两样东西（名词），2）比两个动作（动词）。
这里比较的是两个动作，所以，有一个省略用法 [sub+verb]+modifier，只保留modifier，选C。
如果是比较两个东西, 比如circulation in.... is lower than that in ....，就应该是D。

A选项：第一段讲的是这四个jupiter的月亮的表面的组成成分和位置；第二段讲其地理活跃性和表面坑痕，第二段是说距离的基础上四个月亮系统性不同。
B选项：并为提供theory；且知识描述instances，并为comprehensive
C选项：描述特点，并非意义
D选项：没提任何传统的假设
E选项：只是这四个moon做比较，并为将其与其它做比较；再者第二段根本没提到太阳系；

no craters have been detected on Io, even though Jupiter's gravity attracts comets and asteroids passing near it, substantially increasing the bombardment rate of the inner moons compared to that of the outer ones. But because of Io's high degree of geological activity, its surface undergoes moreor- less continuous volcanic resurfacing.

介绍了Jupiter的四个月亮：lo, Europa, G and C.他们的成分分别是：大部分的岩石和金属（前两个），一半以上是冰（后两个）；冰的覆盖情况，lo没有冰，Europa表面一层冰，另外两个好多冰； 介绍四者的地理活跃性：他们按顺序排列，C最不活跃；最后比较四者表面的裂痕或坑的情况，四者依次递增，lo没有撞坑，因为它的高活跃性。

GMATCLUB: The plan to combat the situation rests on price reduction of the magazine. Our job is to find out why the present plan will not work. Now "B" identifies an altogether different reason but does not highlight why the present plan will backfire. Hence "B" cannot be a possible answer.

If the NowNews magazine is free guys from newsstands and stores cannot sell it because it's free. So that they will not spend their money for transportation of the magazine to they selling places. Answer is C

A选项：最后一句话描述的是银行对经济发展有利的一个例外事件，第二段的描述有关，对第一段没关系；
B选项：这种关于两张观点的冲突没有被resolved
C选项：没提到，也推到不出来
D选项：’The exception‘使这个观点成为历史学家的第二点观点的一个“例外” 这里qualify是限定，描述的意思
E选项：not support, but rather serve as an exception to that claim

又错了

banks, which were seen as monopolistic institutions controlled by an elite group of planters.
A选项：elite group 的垄断机构，可以推出银行仅仅有利于少数人；
B选项：说反了
C选项：they believed that the banks were tied too closely to planters, not transportation and industrial interests.
D选项：没提到
E选项：没提到

primarily provided short-term loans to well-connected merchants
A选项：这些借贷实践赚不赚钱不在讨论范围内；
B选项：这些借贷实践只有利于一小部分经济的领域；
C选项：反对早期银行，文章没提到
D选项：没根据，关于早起银行的限制性与19世纪早期对银行授予更多宪章之间的因果关系；
E选项：没提同时也推不出来这种结论

but shunning those, such as manufacturing and transportation projects, that were more uncertain and capital-intensive 。
C选项：for higher returns文章提到conservative lending practices,显然这点上错误
D选项：does not mention or provide a basis for inferences about this
E选项：does not mention or provide a basis for inferences about this

A选项：提到南方的银行只是说明这里的人们对于银行的看法，与前面两个对银行的观点并列，说明银行角色；
B选项：只是提到学者两种对银行的两种观点，并没有reevaluate;
D选项：并没有分析银行对于经济发展的影响的每一个方面，只是泛泛的说有很重要的影响；再说这只是文章的一个观点，不足以作为primary purpose;
E选项：并没有examine观点，而是描述两种学者的观点；

哎看了半天以为没有正确答案，独立主格with可以省略我都忘了……