barnacles 藤壶

题目等效于
前提：大螃蟹，大水流、不挖洞 - 有藤壶
结论：小螃蟹，小水流、不挖洞 - 也会有藤壶
问： 削弱

目标应该是找对比大小水流，或者大小年龄的螃蟹。

barnacles 藤壶

要么提到“长大的时候”或“水流很小的地方”，要么给出与这两个案例相平行等价的案例C。

和螃蟹的大小没有关系。这里的大螃蟹指的意思是可以抵御住水流不用挖洞，那些水流小的地方，大小螃蟹都不用挖洞。所以，比较的是螃蟹变大和水流小，因为它们都可以使得螃蟹不用挖洞

discourage from 阻止
dislodge 驱逐
Cling to 附着

类比推理
前提：大马蹄蟹不挖洞也能抵御水流，所以他们缠上了藤壶。
结论：生活在水流很小的地方的小马蹄蟹也应该会缠上藤壶。

E选项：Correct. 直到长大为止，马蹄蟹每年都要换几次壳。本选项给出了“长大后”和“生活在在水流很小的地方的小马蹄蟹”的一个区别，即，长大后不换壳了，小螃蟹依然要换壳。

电脑拥有量取决于所有家庭是否会购买新电脑，前提已经给出了原来家里没有电脑的人不会购买，需要的另一个前提应该是家里本来有电脑的人也不会购买，这样结论才成立。

你现在薪酬很低，这么低的薪酬你想留住工人得额外花钱（加班费啊补贴啊奖金啊等等），那么我提高最低工资标准后，工人觉得可以接受，你就不需要额外花钱去留住工人了，这样你虽然支付工资多了，但额外开销少了，不存在发不出去工资的问题，所以你的因不成立

In a certain learning experiment, each participant had three trials and was assigned, for each trial, a score of either -2, -1, 0, 1, or 2. The participant's final score consisted of the sum of the first trial score, 2 times the second trial score, and 3 times the third trial score. If Anne received scores of 1 and -1 for her first two trials, not necessarily in that order, which of the following could NOT be her final score?
题目应该是这样的，那就简单了

选了B因为没有充分理解“describe how reinterpretations of available evidence have reinvigorated a once discredited scholarly position” 的意思。它是在说通过重新解读振兴了曾经不被信赖的研究结论。
可事实上文章的主题是通过分析结构曾经风靡结论中的漏洞来否定它，且阐述看待这类问题的新趋势。bd从逻辑上实际是相反的。
E才是正确答案。

这题很难，要着重理解
These novels’ favorable portrayal of such women is noteworthy, since Mexican-American historians have concluded that unflattering literary depictions of Mexicans were vital in rallying the United States public’s support for the Mexican-American War (1846–1848).
而且还要想清楚至少两层逻辑。mark。

there's nothing wrong with '...of meeting environmental regulations'. there are two idiomatic expressions attached to 'cost' here: the cost TO X, and the cost OF Y. if you're going to have both, as in this problem, then one of them has to be placed after the other; proper usage dictates that 'to X' gets placed closer to the noun than does 'of Y'.

问题没读懂

A 成功后的问题无关，现在是要在它成功前发现新技术
B和E 生产者的一个缺点，反而加强了矛盾，削弱错
C和调查对象的选择问题无关

总结：ABC都解释了一个问题——为什么生产者要overstate新技术的潜能，而没有解决调查者选择调查对象的问题，为什么选p不选b

D购买者的劣势，解释了矛盾，can seldom be reliably identified被动 后面应该是by researchers
要看准结论是站在调查者的角度看问题，答案就很清晰了。

前提：购买者是最终决定新技术商业价值的人，而不是生产者
结论：解释：为什么调查生产者，而不是调查新技术的购买者？
Surprisingly, however, market researchers typically do not survey a new technology's potential buyers, even though it is the buyers—not the producers—who will ultimately determine a technology's commercial success.

invariably总是，accrue…to…归于，virtue优点，gauge判定
have an enormous stake in succeeding下赌注，有利害关系

解释矛盾：生产者会overstate，那为什么还是选生产者而不是购买者去调查呢？
——生产者的优势or购买者的劣势

x上的数字肯定是在O和Q中间，y肯定是在O和P中间，所以是2、3

manager fail to consider的东西是：whether it would attract new customers by producing a new standard of service that would excite customers or by proving difficult for competitors to copy.
只有BD贴近答案。
其中B的measurable change in the experience of customers 并不全等于a new standard or service that would excite customers。
而D如果被consider，就能够知道是否符合proving difficult for competitors to copy的条件。

我给变成了（x平方-5）平方-9 来算的，一看x平方就想着绝对值越小越好...傻了傻了傻了傻了

The rate is now lower than [IT HAS] ever [BEEN] before.

看清数字总成本是69.95不是66.95

一定要看清问题，问的事xy不是2xy