modifiers that start with the relative pronouns “who”, “which”, “that” must actually be CLAUSES. in other words, the modifier must actually contain a VERB whose subject is who/which/that.
this doesn't happen in choice (c); there is no verb present in the modifier.
d后是独立主格
这道题是linke the gap
colleague --> doing important research.
scientist wins renown --> not a true colleague
链接gap:
Not a true colleague --> not doing important research. 答案D
原文讲的是true colleague和doing important research之间的关系，和是不是科学家没有关系啊。E属于无关选项。
RON：the core of the sentence is
a bird has colors.
both 'found in the philippines'** and 'resembling a hummingbird' are modifiers. they use somewhat different specific verb forms—but they both modify the same thing, and so they're parallel
“状语从句the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants中的比较对象是没有任何问题的。这是一个省略现象，补全则有：
the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as the cost for other types of power plants.”
The link between the success of a certain well-known Japanese automaker and its effective management of its suppliers, for example, has led to an unques- tioning belief within Western management circles in the value of strategic partnerships.
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b错在哪儿了 无法理解。。。。
Through the application of ...修饰的是主语 the molars of prehuman ancestors。错。应该修饰 scientists。who determined that their diet 更靠近 scientists，有修饰错误的嫌疑。
谢谢！！！思路通了！
其实Through xxx是状语，应该修饰的是后面examined这个动作吧，应该错在“ scientists who determined xxx”这里，定从指的是先行词的固有属性，但是这里不能理解为固有属性。
initial-modifier修饰的都是逗号后的第一个单词