In the shark's jaws, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve（名词）, each one （同位语）ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.
Smithtown University's fund-raisers were successful in their contacts with potential donors who had never given before about as frequently as were fund-raisers for other universities in their contacts with such people. （但是，真正捐款的还是那些老人，所以没有游说成，说明游说能力不足。
史密斯敦大学的筹款人与以前从未有过的潜在捐助者的接触成功，与其他大学的筹款人一样频繁地与这些人接触
were made without the university's fund-raisers having made any contact with the donors. 无关
没联系过也来fund了
structure 2: "X but Y"
this construction signifies some sort of general contrast between X and Y, but lacks the semantic sense that Y is a substitute for X.
for instance:
i am not a doctor but can fix your broken finger.
background:
structure 1: "not X but Y"
this construction signifies that "X" is expected, normal, or customary in the given situation but that "Y" is what is actually present / has happened / will happen.
for instance:
Restaurant X's "hamburgers" are made not of actual hamburger but of turkey.
brain trust是“智囊团” allow sb to do sth.
public employment, relief, and social security were in large measure what they（这里是指public employment, relief, and social security） had been responsible for
via(通过)+(a)ble=viable"可通过的"可行的
The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing （主动提供）a basis for the argument's advocacy of a particular strategy.
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In the shark's jaws, many spare teeth lie in seemingly limitless reserve（名词）, each one （同位语）ready to slide into the appropriate position whenever an active tooth is lost or worn down.