made provision和established the library 是两个独立的事件，这里用and更合适，互相之间没有逻辑关系，所以BE都不对

这里fewer than those或fewer than have been都没有问题

less用于不可数，people不可以用less修饰。数量没有高低只有多少，排除lower

that includes a provision for penalties是a merger agreement的定语从句，这里的倒装是因谓语部分is signed太短，因而为了突出主干而倒装。

were established to ensure that patients would be ……and that an independent panel would evaluate……
Idiom: ENSURE---
#RIGHT: He ensures that ddls are met (or will be met).
#WRONG: He ensures that ddls must be met (or should be met).
"ensure"&"must"语意重复，含命令语气的动词，后面一定用动词原型，同理还有demand, dictate(命令), insist, mandate(命令,授权), propose, recommend, request(要求), stipulate(规定), suggest(建议)

B: differences in the two ears，原句其实在比较两只耳朵听到的sound的差别， a difference in ……
Idiom: help do sth. / help to do sth. / help sb. do sth. / help sb. to do sth. / help in doing sth.

语义！！spend没有对应的逻辑主语，排除A和C；
B：imposing,requiring,and spending are parallel---absurdity
E: 'requiring' and 'spending' are parallel in the modifier, implying that the plans themselves spend time with patients (in addition to requiring blah blah blah). this doesn't make sense.

Idiom : three times as many as/at least as many as/not so much as /as much so as
WRONG: as many or more than/so many as /as many than/three times as many more than
-ing participle 修饰前面的planets 作定语

C: times要跟代词，不能用empty space.
use GRAMMATICAL AND LOGICAL PARALLELISM to determine what 'x' is being compared to. in this case, 'x' is '42 times their pay', which is, grammatically and logically, plainly comparable to "419 times the pay of blue-collar workers".

我自己也认为主旨是与gravitation和适应性有关的，a选项因为只涉及了陆地蛇所以给排除掉了，但剩下的bc都没有提到适应性，所以纠结了很久

create是创造一个新的观点，那么一定有所区别于旧的观点，所以改变a number of prevailing attitudes

A：modifier "having……“逻辑上好像是 修饰they的（前置后能明显感觉不妥）。
BUT并列连词（不是绝对要求跟句子，X but Y, 要求Y和X一致） 排除D，while 从属连词 （用法：1.跟-ing participle; 2.修饰adj.和adj. clause）
while ：it's true that the conjunction "while" can be used to signal simultaneity, but it's more often used to signify contrast. 本句while作从属连词表对比。

我在D和E之间纠结，最后选了E。有大神解释一下吗？

虽然BCDE都有很明显的错误，但还是想问一下A who once thought后面的that为什么可以省略呢？

B: 多了一个a ，会产生是两种drugs的歧义
A：does放在名词后可（preferred）,像B中前置也可。
【copy】如果在平行结构的后半部分，名词后面（注意是后面）跟着修饰成分，则必须！把do / does 放在名词之前
例
than my brother, who has never studied literature, does. --> F
than does my brother, who has never studied literature,. --> T

结论题，是原文中可以推出来的，c选项可以推出来，但是e选项推不出来

D: if you precede a clause with an initial modifier that doesn't have a subject, then the noun IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE COMMA is automatically assigned as the subject of that modifier.
in this choice, you're saying, weirdly enough, that 'this substitution' is 'substituted' for more traditional fertilizers.
把握核心词，C中they 指代the use of sythetic fertilizers， 但原句想要表达的不是化肥的使用会 造成不好的影响，而是加速使用（an increase)会带来问题！

Industry analysts said that the recent rise in fuel prices may be an early signal of the possibility of gasoline and heating oil prices staying higher than usually through the end of the year.

A. of the possibility of gasoline and heating oil prices staying higher than usually through---- 1. redundancy of may and possibility as already pointed out. 2. usually has no verb to modify, a dangling adverb


B. of the possibility that gasoline and heating oil prices could stay higher than usual throughout--- 1. redundancy 2. throughout and through are meaning - wise different.

C. of prices of gasoline and heating oil possibly staying higher than usually through ----- 1. redundancy 2. dangling adverb

D. that prices of gasoline and heating oil could stay higher than they usually are throughout----- throughout and through are meaning - wise different.

E. that prices of gasoline and heating oil will stay higher than usual through -- correct choice

General: All reported speeches are presented in a relative clause introduced by 'that'. Hence D and E are stylistically better than A. B and C.

Through the end of the year means from now until the end of the year, period by period or event by event. As we are in June now, through the end means the rest of June, the entire of July, August, September, and so on until the last day of December. On the contrary, throughout the end of the year doesn't convey any sensible meaning except to refer to the last of the year. The end of the year marks a particular short point of time. There is no meaning in saying throughout that the short period.
Through means from one point to another. Throughout means entirely

理论上，联合国的国际公务员被禁止继续从他们自己的政府领取薪水；但是，在实践中，一些政府只是用生活补贴替代了被他们派去联合国的公务员的薪水。

A：assigned从句就近修饰paycheck，修饰错误
C: having been done容易错，有更优则不选；非限定此处不如限定
D. in place of, is rather unidiomatic. And the "them" is ambiguous.
E. to have been assigned by them, this is grammatically incorrect and changes the meaning.

憨批题目