In colonial North America, as in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, families and businesses were often entwined symbiotically. Kin connections provided businesses with capital, credit, and contacts; family businesses, in turn, provided kin with employment, training, and opportunities for advancement.

Colonial historians disagree, however, about the extent to which kin connections were central to artisanal establishments and about the evolution of artisanal family practices in colonial North America in the eighteenth century. Some argue that craft dynasties (intergenerational family artisanal establishments) dominated certain crafts in certain areas until the early nineteenth century. Carl Bridenbaugh wrote that an intergenerational command of craft skills enabled some artisanal families in the eighteenth century "to live in near-baronial style, and to dominate, nay rule over, the social and political life" of a region for generations. W.J. Rorabaugh has argued that intergenerational craftsmanship was important in all crafts until the 1840s.

Other historians disagree. Stephanie Wolf, for example, argues that in craft businesses in eighteenth-century Germantown, Pennsylvania, there was "little tendency for traditional family patterns to develop. . . . Fathers do not appear to have trained their sons to follow in their footsteps.” Wolf attributes the lack of dynasties to the presence of a modern, commercial worldview. Indeed, even scholars who disagree with Wolf would concede that craft dynasties declined in importance under the influence of an increasingly widespread modern worldview.


According to the passage, Bridenbaugh attributes the wealth and power of some eighteenth-century North American artisanal families to which of the following?


Their rejection of commercialism

Their ready access to capital and credit

Their kin connections with European craft dynasties

The patronage of merchants and professionals

An intergenerational command of craft skills

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正确答案是 E. An intergenerational command of craft skills。因为在文中, Carl Bridenbaugh 明确提到了:“一个代代相传的工艺技能使得某些 18 世纪的工匠家庭可以近乎贵族般的生活,并且可以多代地支配和统治某一地区的社会和政治生活。" 因此,该选项 E. An intergenerational command of craft skills 是正确答案。

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