The following passage is adapted from a 2008 article.

Stratospheric ozone absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation and prevents it from reaching Earth's surface and boosting skin-cancer rates. In Antarctic springtime (September to early December), stratospheric ozone concentrations are low. Consequently, the stratosphere absorbs less ultraviolet radiation and is therefore much cooler. This, in turn, increases temperature differences between air over the mid-latitude Southern Hemisphere regions and air over Antarctica—differences that cause strong, steady winds called the circumpolar westerlies.

These winds have been strengthening in recent decades due to "the ozone hole"—the low polar-ozone concentrations arising from a decades-long decline. These strengthened winds have been preventing many storm systems that head south from temperate latitudes—as well as the large quantities of warm air they contain—from reaching central Antarctica. Recently, however, average Antarctic stratospheric ozone concentrations have been increasing. Research indicates that this recovery of the ozone layer, if sustained, would slow the circumpolar westerlies while strengthening other southern-hemisphere winds, a combination that would significantly shift weather patterns. Much of Australia would become drier, and portions of South America wetter. Moreover, if control of ozone-depleting substances brings about a full recovery of the Antarctic ozone layer, the average air temperature in Antarctica may be significantly higher.


The passage provides the strongest basis for believing that implementing a stricter control of pollutants that damage the ozone layer above Antarctica would be advantageous to


at least some companies that ship their products over southern oceans

all climatologists carrying out research in Antarctica

at least some United States or Canadian farmers who sell grain being exported to Mexico

at least some South American farmers whose farming suffers from insufficient rainfall

at least some Australian conservationists concerned with brush fires and wildfires

考题讲解

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答案是 D。

从阅读材料可以看出,实施严格控制损害南极气层臭氧层的污染物是有益的原因之一是,这会导致天气模式的重大变化,其中多数澳大利亚会变得更加干燥,而一部分南美洲地区会变得湿润。因此,D 选项是正确答案,因为有一些南美洲农民受到了不足的降雨量影响而受损。

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