Automobile emissions are a significant source of air pollutants, and cars over five years old typically generate significantly greater amounts of pollutants than newer cars. In Torinia, which has recently built its first automobile manufacturing plant, most cars are over five years old. Aiming to boost Torinia's economy and reduce air pollution, the government plans to introduce incentives for Torinians to scrap their old cars every five years and replace them with new ones.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the likelihood that the planned incentives, if implemented, will achieve both of the cited aims?
Without the implementation of the planned incentives, most Torinians who own an old car would be unlikely to buy a new car.
Torinia's automobile plant manufactures car models that typically generate smaller amounts of air pollutants than most similarly sized car models manufactured elsewhere.
The new cars produced in Torinia are not likely to be exported to other countries.
The largest source of atmospheric pollutants in Torinia is not automobile emissions, but emissions from power plants.
The manufacture and the scrapping of cars each generate significant amounts of air pollutants.
选择更加相关的那一项
题目问的是:报废旧车这个计划,能不能减少空气污染
D:空气污染最大的源头是power plant
E:生产新车,报废旧车,多会造成很多污染
紧紧抓住conclusion:conclusion是鼓励每5年换车,可以增加经济和减少排放物,题目是weaken,选项只要说出这个计划不能同时满足两个目标的即可
d选项错选:其实d选项是无关选项,与结论无关
e选项是,说明方案有副作用,就是scrap和制造更多的车,会不能满足reduce emissions
手段
激励T人以旧换新自动汽车→促进经济、减少空气污染
削弱
A、T人没有激励,不会以旧换新,增强
B、在T,自动汽车的空气污染没有其他车程度深,无关
C、T的新车不出口,无关
D、在T,空气污染最大来源为 power plants,不是汽车尾气;与整个手段无关
E、以旧换新的过程污染空气,CORRECT,说明了手段的副作用
cr
错了
考察weaken;看清结论的目的非常重要,所有选项围绕这个目的进行:Aiming to boost Torinia's economy and reduce air pollution;
d选项是陷阱,选了d,因为看到最大的污染释放不是automobile,而是别的,---但是仔细想,问的是减少污染,不代表减少automobile达不到这个目的啊?automobile也是排放污染物的。
看见d就选了,没有仔细去看e,cr题要仔细看所有选项选最佳,即使在之中已经觉得某个选项是对的,也应该把所有选项看完。
方案本身就释放污染物,方案可行性“The manufacture and the scrapping of cars each generate significant amounts of air pollutants.” scrap关键词出现在conclusion里。
conclusion中的未出现过的关键词可以说是非常重要的。
cr题最重要的就是conclusion
undermine!!
power plant就等于other,无关
A选项的without 很关键,题干已经表明如果实施,选项再说不实施就没有意义了。
power plant 发电厂!
A: 恰好说反了。A加强了conclusion
undermine the likelihood to achieve both aims,只要说明一个aim达不到就可以
D The largest source of atmospheric pollutants in Torinia is not automobile emissions, but emissions from power plants.
【最大的】污染源不是汽车尾气
不管汽车尾气是不是最大的,只要它是污染源,更换老旧的汽车减少尾气排放就能一定程度地【减少】污染,无法削弱
错选D 没有看清选项中是power plants而不是manufacturing plant
这道题不同在于有两个目的:①刺激经济;②降低污染。所以答案应该同时涉及这两方面
根据无关性,排除B,C
A没有讲污染,D没有讲经济
除了分析方案推理的答案必须涉及方案内容,D还有个很严重的错误就是,T大气污染最严重的不是汽车排放而是电厂,那如果汽车是第二严重的呢?只要汽车排放会造成污染,那么这个方案便是能够达到目的,所以D完全没有回答问题中的问题!
错选D,方案推理:可行性、可操作性、否定性副作用;
D是他因,排除;E是副作用,可选;
方案推理
方案 → 目的
方案:introduce incentives for Torinians to scrap their old cars every five years and replace them with new ones
鼓励人们换车
目的:to boost Torinia's economy and reduce air pollution
促进经济和减少环境污染
削弱的三种类型:可行性、可操作性、副作用
E选项:汽车的制造和报废产生了大量的空气污染物
表明换车并不能达到减少环境污染的目的,可行性问题。
e的选项应该是说副作用吧
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