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题库 / GMATLA-CR-19
Business Consultant: Some corporations shun the use of executive titles because they fear that the use of titles indicating position in the corporation tends to inhibit communication up and down the corporate hierarchy. Since an executive who uses a title is treated with more respect by outsiders, however, use of a title can facilitate an executive's dealings with external businesses. Clearly, corporations should adopt the compromise of encouraging their executives to use their corporate titles externally but not internally, since even if it is widely known that the corporation's executives use titles outside their organization, this knowledge does not by itself inhibit communication within the corporation.
In the consultant's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
The first describes a strategy that has been adopted to avoid a certain problem; the second presents a drawback to that strategy.
The first describes a strategy that has been adopted to avoid a certain problem; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the effectiveness of that strategy as a means of achieving that goal.
The first describes a strategy that has been adopted to avoid a certain problem; the second is a consideration the consultant raises in questioning the significance of that problem.
The first is part of an explanation that the consultant offers for a certain phenomenon; the second is that phenomenon.
The first describes a policy for which the consultant seeks to provide a justification; the second is a consideration the consultant raises as part of that justification.
用title的好处=不用title的坏处？？外国人都是这么直线思维吗...
Justify就是作者想要证明这个argument是正确的的态度
这也太绕了……公司不用title，但是用了title可以帮助高管和外部的人打交道，是有好处的。所以不用title就得不到这个好处，这是缺点
用这个方法的好处是…，然而不用这个方法就没有这个好处，就是这个方法的缺点。
B：goal—促进内部沟通的畅通
1st company shun the use of title because...
2nd the use of title (advantage)
⚠️注意第一个boldface是shun “the use of title”，第二个说的是“the use of title”的实际作用【即 shun the use的负面效果】
Drawback: 得不到外部企业的尊重（反话正说：有了头衔就多了尊重。）
用title的好处=不用title的坏处
use of a title can facilitate an executive's dealings with external businesses. 使用头衔可以促进与外部的商业交易——>使用头衔的好处
strategy: 就是不使用头衔
A strategy指的是 shun the use of executive titles ，drawback 缺点 （√）
E author企图证明第一个strategy是正确的（×）作者反对这个策略
justification 证明...是正确的
drawback to that strategy, strategy是指shun the use of title，不是说用title的坏处！
头衔会阻碍上下级沟通，从这个层面上讲它是能达到目的的，第二个黑脸是strategy的一个副作用，所以B选项call into question the effectiveness of that strategy as a means of achieving that goal是错的
B. ”question the effectiveness of that strategy as a means of achieving that goal.“错误，并不是质疑公司选择该战略所要达成的目标的有效性，只是提出了一个副作用，目标仍是正确的
C. 质疑公司想要避免的这个problem (inhibit communication up and down the corporate hierarchy) 的重要性，错误
D. 完全错误
E. 并不是想provide a justification
Strategy: 不用头衔
A certain problem: 阻碍公司上下层交流
Drawback: 得不到外部企业的尊重（反话正说：有了头衔就多了尊重。）
B：第二部分并不是讨论这个strategy能不能解决阻碍交流的问题（the goal）。
第二个boldface没有question the strategy to achieve that goal (efficient)。 读题还是得仔细！
AB中，区别在于B中提到“质疑有效性”这个事情，实际上，文中只提了缺点，但没有质疑方案对于解除内部沟通障碍是否有效。
B上下沟通顺畅，所以B后半部分说”use of a title can facilitate an executive's dealings with external businesses“影响上下沟通顺畅这个目的达成，不正确；A：后半部”present a drawback to that strategy“. 使用title会促进外部生意，所以当使用“that strategy”时会影响外部生意，表达了缺点。
一件事情可以是A的优点，也可以是B 的缺点
B. effectiveness of that strategy as a means of achieving that goal.这里goal可以理解为to avoid a certain problem (inhibit communication within the corporation)，能达到，但有另外方面的考虑和不足。
the first should be a strategy instead of a policy...
B call into question the effectiveness of that strategy as a means of achieving that goal.
但是goal在文中指的是【communication up and down the corporate hierarchy】，事实上并没有谈这个呀
错选C。
作者没有questioning 这个problem的significance，而是说这个problem的解决方案有drawback。