Columnist: People should avoid using a certain artificial fat that has been touted as a resource for those whose medical advisers have advised them to reduce their fat intake. Although the artificial fat, which can be used in place of fat in food preparation, has none of the negative health effects of fat, it does have a serious drawback: it absorbs certain essential vitamins, thereby preventing them from being used by the body.
In evaluating the columnist's position, it would be most useful to determine which of the following?
Whether increasing one's intake of the vitamins can compensate for the effects of the artificial fat
Whether the vitamins that the artificial fat absorbs are present in foods that contain the fat
Whether having an extremely low fat intake for an extended period can endanger the health
Whether there are any foods that cannot be prepared using the artificial fat as a substitute for other fats
Whether people are generally able to detect differences in taste between foods prepared using the artificial fat and foods that are similar except for the use of other fats
Columnist:人们不应该吃人造脂肪,因为它会吸收vitamin
evaluate:增加摄入vitamin是否可以弥补被人造脂肪吸收走的vitamin,如果不能那就说明人造脂肪的坏处无解,如果能那就说明可以吸收多少补多少,吃多少人造脂肪也没什么关系。
这个人的逻辑链是因为人造脂肪会吸收人体必要的维他命,使得人体无法利用这些维他命,所以人们不应该吃人造脂肪。b的答案是说人造脂肪中是否含有维他命,人体能否利用维他命仍然未知。而a选项直接从根本上解决了这个问题,人体可以通过补充维他命来弥补这些被吸收的维他命,那么人体自然也就可以吃人造脂肪了
B的问题是与题干的argument无关的,设想一个情形——artificial fat和别的食物一起吃,fat会吸收其他食物的vitamin.
重点在维他命的摄取上,只有A是相关的
这个人的观点是:【不能用人造脂肪,因为它的缺点是吸收维生素】。
A Whether increasing one\'s intake of the vitamins can compensate for the effects of the artificial fat 回答yes明确保证人造脂肪的缺点被消灭。
B Whether the vitamins /that the artificial fat absorbs/ are present in foods/ that contain the fat讨论人造脂肪吸收的维生素是否出现在含人造脂肪的食物中。
【维生素来自哪里】,对人造脂肪吸收维生素的【缺点是否能消除】,没有任何影响。
果因
不应该服用人工fat
∵它会吸收必需维他命,阻碍身体吸收
评估
A、是否多吃维他命就可以弥补服用人工fat的亏损,如果可以,那服用人工fat没什么大不了,补一补就好了;不可以,说明人工fat这种危害神仙难救啊
B、是否人工fat吸收的维他命出现在fat里,无关;出不出现,和人吃不吃,身体吸不吸收都无关
C、fat摄入与健康的联系,与维他命无关
D、是否存在食物不能用人工fat代替天然的,同上无关
E、人们是否能尝出人工与天然fat的区别,同上无关
B. 应该改成whether vitamins are ”only“ present in foods that contain fat 才对
绝 一针见血,我练习的时候理解的就是这个层面 逻辑深度比a要深所以很有诱惑力
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题目问的是啥都不清楚……问的是加强还是削弱啊?还是问假设?
Whether there are any foods that cannot be prepared using the artificial fat as a substitute for other fats
是否有食物是用人工脂肪去替代其他脂肪做不出来的。
using做状语修饰prepare,cannot be prepared using the artificial fat
人工脂肪可以帮助降低全部脂肪摄入,但是有致命缺陷:它会吸收特定的维他命,阻止这些维他命被人体吸收
choice a, 增加维他命摄入是否可以补偿这种吸收效应, correct
choice b, 是否人工脂肪吸收的维他命目前存在于那种包含了普通脂肪的食物之中。 irrelevant
choice c,是否很长时间的低摄入脂肪伤害人体健康->irrelevant
choice d, 是否有食物是不可以使用人工脂肪作为替代品的->irrelevant
choice e,人们是否能够品尝出用了人工脂肪的食物和用了其他脂肪的食物之间的差异-> irrelecant
evaluate题,把whether换成yes/no再进行判断
难道。。我。。。我脑回路清奇。。?
A为什么可以是对的啊?对于普通人来说既然有害为啥要吃啊。。。我感觉a的意思就是虽然这个东西有害但是我们有解药,把解药也吃了就没事了。。
所以一开始为什么要吃这种奇怪的东西。。。
我看文章第一句说people。。。难道不是把正常人也包括进来了吗,就直接吃fat不好吗
不懂+1
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重心在维他命的摄取上
remember, ALL of the wrong answers are COMPLETELY wrong. if you think that one of the wrong answers is just 'worse than the correct answer', then, nope—more review is in order.
if a CR problem is hard, the difficulty ALWAYS comes from the specific content/words/topic, and NEVER comes from 'logic' or 'structure'.
if you spend the time to come up with a GOOD analogy—something that may take quite a while—you may find that it becomes trivially easy to understand how the original problem works.
it is true that "evaluate" problems can generally be converted into weakening (or strengthening) problems.
generally, all that's necessary to do so is to change the "whether" into an actual yes/no.
C - 就算不用artificial fat / reduce fat intake, 也不一定代表就会是extremely low fat intake 这种结果呀。C不正确,没在argument的逻辑链上。
A - argument是个方案题,讲述了方案可能存在的否定性副作用,则evaluation 方向 - 是否真的会产生这个否定性副作用呢?
B.Whether the vitamins that the artificial fat absorbs are present in foods that contain the fat被吸收的维他命不管是从何处获取的,反正是被吸收了,就证明人工脂肪有坏处。
A是排除法后最好的答案了,我找到可以弥补drawback的方法,那么就可以食用人工脂肪
我觉得这个题的因果关系和避免食用人工脂肪没关系
应该是p:artificial fat阻止人身体吸收维他命
c:aritificial fat组织人体吸收维他命
a切断因果关系
C:人们应该避免食用人工脂肪。
P:人工脂肪吸收必要的维生素,阻止这些维生素被人体所使用。
A选项如果是肯定的话,即摄入维生素可以弥补人工脂肪带来的不利影响,那么推出的结论是“人们可以食用人工脂肪”,否定了原结论。
A选项如果是否定的话,即摄入维生素不可以弥补人工脂肪带来的不利影响,那么推出的结论是“人们应该避免食用人工脂肪”,肯定了原结论。
这道题的关键是要找到columnist position到底是什么,注意不是artificial 发fat has a serious drawback.