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题库 / Prep2008E1-SC-193
New equipment and other improvements reduced the amount of time—from eleven hours in 1982 to six in 1988—needed by workers so that they could produce a ton of steel.
needed by workers so that they could produce
needed when workers are producing
workers need in producing
workers needed to produce
workers need for their producing of
题目分析：
本题首先需要先将主干提取正确，其主句为：
New equipment and other improvements reduced the amount of time.
划线部分是time的定语。
选项分析：
A选项：过去分词短语needed by workers so that they could produce a ton of steel是time的定语。变为正常语序则有：
Time is needed by workers so that they could produce a ton of steel.
从句so that they could produce a ton of steel需改为不定式短语 to produce a ton of steel。这点考查了不定式和从句的区别。用之于本题，由于需判断的部分是宾语的补足语，所以应由谓语动词need的约束力决定。显然地，本题中need的约束力较强，所以应用不定式短语。
B选项：本选项中 when workers are producing a ton of steel是need的时间状语从句。但在逻辑上，我们不能说“当工人生产一吨钢的时候，时间是被需要的”，而应该说“工人生产一吨钢所需要的时间”。即，生产钢应为need的宾语的补足语。
C选项：need应用过去时needed；另外，介词短语in producing a ton of steel需改为不定式短语 to produce a ton of steel，这点考查了不定式和ing的区别。用之于本题，同理于选项(A)，need的约束力较强，应该用不定式短语。
D选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
E选项：本选项错误同选项(C)。
methods reduced time [needed by workers] so that 连词因此 they could produce more. 过去分词作简化的限定性定语从句，与 time that workers needed 本身含义一致。 so that 作结果从句 前后因果成立，方法降低时间，因此提高了生产力。语法句意都没有问题。强调的是方法的价值。 workers needed to produce 是限定时间。表示方法降低了干什么的时间。强调的是降低了什么时间。原句强调减少时间的结果，正确选项强调减少的什么时间。
但唯独 时间的插入语，从11小时降低到7小时。这个部分一定程度上是在强调作某件事的时间变化，因而需要明确具体什么时间，如果仅仅用工人需要的时间作定语，仍然只是一个宽泛时间，会直接让人感觉降低的是什么时间不明确。
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(a)
"so that" is wordy, but also doesn't make literal sense here -- "X so that Y" implies that X is an action taken toward the goal Y. i.e., i studied hard so that i could get a good grade.
needing time is not an action taken toward a goal, so this doesn't make sense.
(b)
read literally, this sentence doesn't give any indication that the workers themselves need the time -- it just states that the time is "needed" (we don't know by whom) when the workers are working.
(c)
present tense doesn't make sense
(d)
correct
(e)
present tense doesn't make sense
(a)
"so that" is wordy, but also doesn't make literal sense here -- "X so that Y" implies that X is an action taken toward the goal Y. i.e., i studied hard so that i could get a good grade.
needing time is not an action taken toward a goal, so this doesn't make sense.
(b)
read literally, this sentence doesn't give any indication that the workers themselves need the time -- it just states that the time is "needed" (we don't know by whom) when the workers are working.
(c)
present tense doesn't make sense
(d)
correct
(e)
present tense doesn't make sense
1. 从句so that they could produce a ton of steel需改为不定式短语 to produce a ton of steel。这点考查了不定式和从句的区别。用之于本题，由于需判断的部分是宾语的补足语，所以应由谓语动词need的约束力决定。显然地，本题中need的约束力较强，所以应用不定式短语。
2. C选项：need应用过去时needed；另外，介词短语in producing a ton of steel需改为不定式短语 to produce a ton of steel，这点考查了不定式和ing的区别。用之于本题，同理于选项(A)，need的约束力较强，应该用不定式短语。
3. when workers are producing a ton of steel是need的时间状语从句。但在逻辑上，我们不能说“当工人生产一吨钢的时候，时间是被需要的”，而应该说“工人生产一吨钢所需要的时间”。即，生产钢应为need的宾语的补足语。
"错选C 没注意时态
时态排除BCE
A选项中 so that加情态动词表示目的 意味着前面句子的主语做了一件事带着一个目的，但是前面句子的主语是improvements，不合理。
带有目的含义的句子中，都是主语带有这个目的。唯一的例外是被动语态，例如
Rubber stoppers were installed in the drains to prevent further losses of water. 这个目的不是主语，而是安装主语的这个人"
1） 时态 3.5 removed
2） logic 2
3） 不定式表示强约束力
除了关系副词（where/why/when),关系代词(which/who/whose/that/whom)在先行词作定语从句中作宾语的时候可省略。 ps. 到底什么是约束力?
错选B, 以为是定语从句简化，time is needed when workers are producing steel. 但逻辑说不通：时间被需要，当他们生产钢的时候
答案D：（time）宾补：（that ）workers needed to produce steel.
B选项：在逻辑上，我们不能说“当工人生产一吨钢的时候，时间是被需要的”，而应该说“工人生产一吨钢所需要的时间”。即，生产钢应为need的宾语的补足语。
除了关系副词（where/why/when),关系代词(which/who/whose/that/whom)在先行词作定语从句中作宾语的时候可省略。
needed为什么不是状语？新的设备和提示被需要也很合理啊，求问到底是依据什么来确定分词短语是定语还是状语的呢？
A怎么不行 啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊
三种易混“宾补“
1、不定式
2、v-ing分词
3、从句
此题用时态判断快！！！
E.g.,
We need 30 grams of salicylic acid to make the desired amount of medicine. (actual component of the process)
We need to build a larger laboratory so that our chemists can make / in order to make the desired amount of medicine.
A："So that..." is more properly used for actions that make possible or facilitate other actions, but are NOT actual components of those actions.
"so that..." should introduce a clause with a different subject. If the subject is still the same, then "in order to..." is a more efficient expression.
BCE时态问题
C.workers needed time to produce a ton of steel中，to produce的逻辑主语是workers，所以不定式在此是目的状语，不是宾补
到底什么是约束力?
体会B选项的解释
时态排除BCE
AD 相比，A太冗余