The spraying of pesticides can be carefully planned, but accidents, weather conditions that could not be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had anticipated.
weather conditions that could not be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had
weather conditions that cannot be foreseen, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than
unforeseeable weather conditions, and pilot errors are the cause of much larger deposits of spray than they had
weather conditions that are not foreseeable, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than
unforeseeable weather conditions, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had
题目分析:
本题有些选项比较相对有难度,大家需要注意。
选项分析:
A选项:比较对象有误。最后的 they had anticipated是过去完成时。过去完成时必须要有一个过去时间作为参照,通常表示事件在这个过去时间点之前发生。显然地,在本选项中,由于cause是一般现在时,所以anticipate这个过去完成时没有时间的参照。
B选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
C选项:细分语法成分可知,划线部分是一个主系表结构。主干信息为:accidents, weather condition, and errors is the cause. 如果只看划线部分,这个主系表结构也是可以接受的。但是,由于未划线部分必须和划线部分保持but的关系,所以我们还要保证本选项能和未划线部分之间形成转折关系。未划线部分讲的是:喷洒农药是被小心的计划的。要和划线部分转折,我们必须要说,某事会引起计划之外的事情,而不能说,某事是一个原因。例如:
正确:虽然事故是不幸的,但是它引起了我们的警示。
错误:虽然事故是不幸的,但是它是警示的原因。
另外, they had anticipated错误同选项(A)。
D选项:定语从句that are not foreseeable需改为 that cannot be foreseen。细分成分可知,本选项是主系表结构,即,
weather conditions are not foreseeable.
这句话讲的是:天气情况是不可以预测的。它并不代表这个天气状况没有被预测出来。例如:
(1) The book is not touchable.
(2) The book is not touched
句(1)讲的是“书是不可触摸的”,这是在描述书的一种特征,即,可能这些书是电子书,总之它们是不具备可触摸性的。句(2)讲的是“书没有被触摸过”。即,这些都是真的书,只不过没被触摸过。
同理,本题讲的是“没有被预见到的天气条件”,而不是“那些不具备可预见性的天气”(可能是一些神奇的气象条件,类似于刚才例子里的电子书),因此本选项是不正确的。
E选项:本选项错误同选项(A)。
from Manhattan:
Eliminate all the options with "they had anticipated" because they has no clear referent.
A,C and E are out.The fight remain between B and D.
D uses "unforseeable" which is an unidiomatic construction. To be concise more elaborate, I present these two sentences.
1. The fog is unable to be seen by the people ir The fog is incapable of being seen by people.
2. The fog cannot be seen by people.
BE CAREFUL ABOUT THEY IT ITS THEIR what are these words referring to
if ambiguous just mark it wrong
跟你说 they就是没有指代的。 They had anticipated。THEY必须是个人,没有人就把有they的全部干掉,这个不是代词歧义,这个是没有指代对象,绝对错误
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妈的,觉得都是扯淡,考试的时候都想不到,直接选B,和未划线那个cannot be planned 长得像,这题也不知道是不是真题,真的很扯淡,我要是语言学家我就不考GMAT了
过去完成时需要一个过去的时间节点为标志
weather conditions are not foreseeable.
这句话讲的是:天气情况是不可以预测的。
主句为一般现在时,从句中不应该用had 过去完成
过去完成时需要一个过去的时间节点为标志,排除ACE。
BD的区别在于定语从句,前者是说不可被预见的气候条件,后者是说是不可遇见的气候条件,相比之下前者更优。
B correct
主要是要echo前面“can be planned”被动结构吧
A和D比较
定语从句weather conditions that cannot be foreseen(主谓宾--事实--没有被预见到的天气情况)被改成weather conditions that are not foreseeable(主系表--特征--不具备可预见性的天气)【×】
the book is not touchable. 描述书的一种特征:不可触摸
the book is not touched. 描述书的一个事实:没有被触摸过,但≠不可触摸
Be able to是指一种能力(enable同理,使...有能力,-able结尾的形容词也同理),不是“能不能够实现”;can既可以指能力也可以指能够实现
The spraying of pesticides can be carefully planned, [but] accidents, weather conditions that 【cannot be foreseen】, and pilot errors [often cause] much larger deposits of spray than anticipated. 喷洒农药可以仔细计划,但意外事故、【无法预见的天气状况】和飞行员失误往往会导致比预期更大的喷洒量。
C选项:unforeseeable weather conditions, and pilot errors [are the cause of] much larger deposits of spray than they had 由于未划线部分必须和划线部分保持but的关系,所以我们还要保证本选项能和未划线部分之间形成【转折关系】。未划线部分讲的是:喷洒农药是被小心的计划的。要和划线部分转折,我们必须要说,某事会引起计划之外的事情,而不能说,某事是一个原因。例如:
正确:虽然事故是不幸的,但是它引起了我们的警示。
错误:虽然事故是不幸的,但是它是警示的原因。
另外, they had anticipated错误同选项A&E,在本题中,由于cause是[一般现在时],所以had anticipated这个过去完成时没有时间的参照。(而且这个“they”在本句中没有refrent!!,一下可以排除三个,C&D中"weather condition that..."并未破坏前后平行)
D选项:weather conditions that 【are not foreseeable】, and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than
定语从句that are not foreseeable需改为 that cannot be foreseen。细分成分可知,本选项是【主系表结构表示事物性质】,即,weather conditions are not foreseeable.
这句话讲的是:天气情况是不可以预测的。它并不代表这个天气状况没有被预测出来。例如:
(1) The book is not touchable.
(2) The book is not touched
句(1)讲的是“书是不可触摸的”,这是在描述书的一种特征,即,可能这些书是电子书,总之它们是不具备可触摸性的。句(2)讲的是“书没有被触摸过”。即,这些都是真的书,只不过没被触摸过。
同理,本题讲的是“没有被预见到的天气条件”,而不是“那些不具备可预见性的天气”(可能是一些神奇的气象条件,类似于刚才例子里的电子书),因此本选项是不正确的。
第一过完必须要谨慎,第二突然出现的代词要找到先行词
本题讲的是“没有被预见到的天气条件”,而不是“那些不具备可预见性的天气”,故B正确D错误
系表结构表示事物性质!!参考另一道题so as to be indistinguishable是正确,因为在那里时表示性质,这里不是
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In other words, something else or someone else is doing the observing.
由they had anticipated中的they没有可以指代的"人"可以排除ACE。
D中that are not foreseeable系表结构表示的是weather conditions的“不可预测的”属性,但是到底有没有被预测到,是另外一码事。
选项D 可以改成unforeseeable weather conditions, 选项wordy
A项
1)比较对象有误
2)had anticipated过去完成时并没有过去时点作为背景,不正确
C项
1)结构上没有错误,但是划线部分并没有和未划线部分形成转折关系
the spraying can be carefully planned, but accidents, weather conditions, and pilot errors 如果这里跟着are the cause of就看不出来转折关系,所以应该用cause larger deposit
2)过去完成时时态错误
D项
1)weather conditions that are not foreseeable和unforeseeable weather condition表达的意思不一样,例如:
the book is not touchable.描述的是书的一种特征,他们是不可触摸的
the book is not touched. 描述的是一个事实,这些书没有被触摸过,但并不代表他们是不可触摸的
本题讲的是“没有被预见到的天气情况”,而不是“不具备可预见性的天气”
E项
1)比较对象不平行
2)过去完成时时态错误
they不能指代前面三个名词,因为前面三个名词不能主动预测(应该是被预测),所以这里的they没有指代对象
https://gmatclub.com/forum/the-spraying-of-pesticides-can-be-carefully-planned-but-accidents-128649.html#:~:text=gurpreet07%20wrote%3A%20830.,spray%20than%20they%20had%20anticipated.
Pronoun error - The last item in the list says "and pilot errors often cause much larger deposits of spray than they had". "They" does not have an antecedent and is wrong. It is supposed to refer to pilots but pilot itself is not a subject, only "pilot errors". Eliminate A, C, and E.
In matters of list //islm, if you apply a tenet of //ism for one arm, then you must do that for all the rest too. Now in this case, you can not apply //ism of ‘Can be carefully planned’, to ‘weather conditions that cannot be foreseen’ alone. You must also parallelize other arms by saying some thing similar to “accidents that can not be prevented and pilot errors that can not be eliminated” etc” None of the choices does that. So parallelism is not the issue here.
系表结构表示事物性质。。要根据语义来判断是否合适