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题库 / GMATLA-CR-73
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
Appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix) is potentially fatal; consequently, patients with symptoms strongly suggesting appendicitis almost always have their appendix removed. The appropriate surgery is low-risk but performed unnecessarily in about 20 percent of all cases. A newly developed internal scan for appendicitis is highly accurate, producing two misdiagnoses for every 98 correct diagnoses. Clearly, using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before, since ______.
the patients who are correctly diagnosed with this test as not having appendicitis invariably have medical conditions that are much less serious than appendicitis
the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it
all of the patients who are diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis do, in fact, have appendicitis
every patient who is diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis has more than one of the symptoms generally associated with appendicitis
the only patients who are misdiagnosed using this test are patients who lack one or more of the symptoms that are generally associated with appendicitis
传统的手术治疗虽然低风险但是有20%的手术病人不必要得移除了器官，有一种新的扫描准确率高，每100例扫描中只有2例误诊。因此使用扫描的方法，医生可以大大降低不必要做手术的病例，同时不会减少本应该做手术的病例。因为……
要让错误率2%的扫描能够保障20%错误率的手术的条件就是scan misdiagnoses type和surgery misdiagnoses type一样的
choice b, 扫描产生的误诊病例都是将原本没有得病的病人，诊断为有病。correct，如果扫描误诊都是将有病的诊断为没病的。那么without performing any fewer necessary ones than before就不成立了
choice c, 所有扫描鉴定为有病的，事实上是真的有病。irrelevant
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