Over the course of the eighteenth century, the average output of ironwork tripled as a result of several improvements in blowing machinery and because coal replaced charcoal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore.
Over the course of the eighteenth century, the average output of ironwork tripled as a result of several improvements in blowing machinery and because coal replaced charcoal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore.
Over the course of the eighteenth century a tripling in the average output of ironwork was due to the replacement of charcoal by coal for the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore, in addition to several improvements in blowing machinery.
With charcoal's being replaced by coal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore and several improvements in blowing machinery, the average output of ironwork tripled over the eighteenth century.
The replacement of charcoal with coal for the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore and several improvements in blowing machinery, the average output of ironwork tripled over the eighteenth century.
Charcoal being replaced by coal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore, and several improvements in blowing machinery, which tripled the average output of ironwork over the course of the eighteenth century.
好难,全靠蒙,看了评论也是一脸懵。回头查词典,发现with的介宾结构是可以表原因,这点我觉得下面评论没有抓主要矛盾,就像正确选项A里面是一个介宾结构和从句都表原因状语的并列一样,这个介宾不能表原因的解释感觉牵强。两个剑桥词典的例子(明确指出意为 because of or caused by someone or something):
With all the excitement and confusion, I forgot to say goodbye to her.
With exams approaching, it's a good idea to review your class notes.
这里不就是介宾和独立主格都涉及到了;
我觉得C的问题在两处,一是as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore 这个介宾短语的修饰对象问题,“作为燃料”修饰的应该是一个名词性的东西,可以是charcoal,但它加了所有格变成charcoal's being replaced,核心就变成being replaced这件事,这件事是肯定没法作为燃料的; 二是improvements平行歧义问题,它原则上可以和smelting平行,变成as the fuel used in several improvements,当然我觉得这是次要矛盾,B也有同样的问题。
B的问题我觉得就在于前面时间状语修饰问题,是修饰“翻3倍”这个动作,还是修饰“是因为”。
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