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题库 / OG2016-SC-85
Combining enormous physical strength with higher intelligence, the Neanderthals appear as equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in their path, but their relatively sudden disappearance during the Paleolithic era indicates that an inability to adapt to some environmental change led to their extinction.
appear as equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in their path,
appear to have been equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in their path,
appear as equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in their paths,
appeared as equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in their paths,
appeared to have been equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in their path,
题目分析：
本题会告诉我们，为什么英语习语中用appear to do，而不是appear as。
选项分析：
A选项：appear as equipped应改为appear to have been equipped。实际上，appear as和appear to do的意思是不同的。appear as的意思是：以...出现，例如：
He appeared as an armyman in the negotiation room.
该例句的意思是，他以军人的身份出现在谈判桌上。appear to do的意思是：看起来像，例如：
He appeared to have the same idea as I had.
该例句的意思是，他看起来有和我相同的想法。简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
介词短语for facing any obstacle应改为不定式短语to face any obstacle。这点考查了不定式和ing的区别。用之于本题，正常语序为：
X equipped the Neanderthals to face any obstacle.
划线部分是句子的宾语的补足语。由于本题中equip的约束力较强，所以必须用不定式的形式。
B选项：Correct.本选项在逻辑和语法上均是正确的。
C选项：equipped错误同(A)。
D选项：equipped错误同(A)；appear不应该用过去时。其在本质上应和未划线部分的动词indicates平行，表明两个事实，而不仅仅是过去发生的事情。
E选项：appear的错误同(D)；for facing any obstacle错误同(A)。
seem/look/appear +名词/形容词/to be，表示看起来如何，后面都不接as，如：The man appeared/seemed/looked an hounest man .；My brother appeared(to be)happy. appear是指根据事物的外表表象做出判断的，但实质上并不一定如此；seem是表示说话人主观上的判断，暗含有一定的根据，往往接近事实的判断；look是根据视觉印象而得出的判断，实质上也可能如此。Seem/look可以接as if+虚拟语气，表示看起来就像…一样，appear不能（appear本身就表示看起来与事实相反，不再用as if盒虚拟语气）。
Appear as表示以…身份出现，如：He appeared as an armyman in the negotiation room.
consider/account/think/deem/find+名词/形容词/to be adj，表示将…视为……时，后面都不接as。
regard和look on后面接as，regard A as B或regard A as adj
appear as的意思是：以...出现，例如：
He appeared as an armyman in the negotiation room.
该例句的意思是，他以军人的身份出现在谈判桌上。appear to do的意思是：看起来像，例如：
He appeared to have the same idea as I had.
该例句的意思是，他看起来有和我相同的想法。简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
没有出现与时态相关的标志错，不可用时态直接排除。appear to do，没有appear as的用法
equipped to + VERB (Our new car is equipped to drive in icy conditions.)
equipped for + NOUN (My family is well equipped for a tornado.)
(E) appeared to have been equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in their path,
This is INCORRECT because it uses a verb after "equipped for," when the rule states that it can only be followed by a noun.
请问正确选项中为什么要用现在完成时呢？选择了B，可是总感觉不应该用现在完成时，他们在过去的某一时点就已经equipped了
appear to,
be equipped to
appear to do时，appear类似于一个情态动词，而非实义动词表示出现，所以时态上不能理解为，是曾经appear所以+ed，是错误的，equip xxx to do是合理用法
appear不应该用过去时。其在本质上应和未划线部分的动词indicates平行，表明两个事实，而不仅仅是过去发生的事情。
分析语义
appear as 和 appear to do 的区别；
equip这里是被动语态，正常语序equip sb for sth /equip sb to do sth ，使某人胜任什么
equipped to + VERB (Our new car is equipped to drive in icy conditions.) equipped for + NOUN (My family is well equipped for a tornado.)
appear as的意思是：以...出现 appear to do的意思是：看起来像 简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
考点：
appear as的意思是：以...出现，例如：
He appeared as an armyman in the negotiation room.
该例句的意思是，他以军人的身份出现在谈判桌上。appear to do的意思是：看起来像，例如：
He appeared to have the same idea as I had.
该例句的意思是，他看起来有和我相同的想法。简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
介词短语for facing any obstacle应改为不定式短语to face any obstacle。这点考查了不定式和ing的区别。用之于本题，正常语序为：
X equipped the Neanderthals to face any obstacle.
划线部分是句子的宾语的补足语。由于本题中equip的约束力较强，所以必须用不定式的形式。
appear as equipped应改为appear to have been equipped。实际上，appear as和appear to do的意思是不同的。appear as的意思是：以...出现，例如：
He appeared as an armyman in the negotiation room.
该例句的意思是，他以军人的身份出现在谈判桌上。appear to do的意思是：看起来像，例如：
He appeared to have the same idea as I had.
该例句的意思是，他看起来有和我相同的想法。简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
appear as的意思是：以...出现
appear to do的意思是：看起来像
简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。
E：表示目的，to do比for doing好
appear as的意思是：以...出现，appear to do的意思是：看起来像，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。
此外appear的时态应与后面的indicate一致
the Neanderthals appear意思是现在看起来尼安德特人就像装备了……一样，现在看过去，所以appear用现在时是ok的，类比It appears unlikely that interest rates will fall further. 现在看将来；She appeared to be in her late thirties. 意思是在过去的某个时点，她看起来就像40岁一样。
注意本题中的equip应该和后面的indicate平行。
考察：
appear as 以。。出现He appeared as an armyman
appear to do 看起来像 He appeared to have the same idea as I had.
equip to do 武装去做，目的性强，习惯用语todo
后面的indicates表明了tense
appear as的意思是：以...出现；appear to do的意思是：看起来像。简单来说，appear as X中的X表示的是已经实际存在的东西，而appear to X中的X则表示不一定实际存在的东西。在本题的语境中，显然地，由于 the Neanderthals实际上并没有准备好应对变化，所以必须用appear to have been equipped。