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题库 / OG2016-CR-1
Neuroscientist: Memory evolved to help animals react appropriately to situations they encounter by drawing on the past experience of similar situations. But this does not require that animals perfectly recall every detail of all their experiences. Instead, to function well, memory should generalize from past experiences that are similar to the current one.
The neuroscientist's statements, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?
At least some animals perfectly recall every detail of at least some past experiences.
Perfectly recalling every detail of all their past experiences could help at least some animals react more appropriately than they otherwise would to new situations they encounter.
Generalizing from past experiences requires clear memories of most if not all the details of those experiences.
Recalling every detail of all past experiences would be incompatible with any ability to generalize from those experiences.
Animals can often react more appropriately than they otherwise would to situations they encounter if they draw on generalizations from past experiences of similar situations.
情景：记忆可以通过寻找过去相应的经历来帮助动物们在遭遇新的情况时正确反应。但是，这并不需要动物们回忆出所有的细节，而是总结出过去所有相似的经历。
推理：由于推理文段中没有结论且问题是让考生们自己找出结论，所以本题为演绎推理。
选项分析：
A选项：至少有一些动物可以完美的回忆起至少某些过去经历中的每一个细节。推理文段中没有提到过是否有动物可以回忆出每个细节（只是提过没有必要回忆出每个细节）。
B选项：完美回忆出每个细节可以至少帮助某些动物在遇到新情况时反应的更为合适。推理文段中其实说过并不要求动物能回忆出完整的细节。
C选项：从过去的经历中做概括要求大部分清晰的记忆（如果所有的细节信息没有记全的话）。本选项在文中并没有被提到过。
D选项：回忆出所有过去经历的每一个细节将会和从这些经历中概括的能力相矛盾。推理文段中没有提到过回忆细节和概括能力之间的关系。
E选项：Correct. 如果动物们从过去相似的情景下做出了概括，那么对新情景它们经常会处理的更加合适。推理文段的第一句就说明了概括过去的经历（generalize from past experiences）和做出合适的反应之间的关系。
题目：相似经历，不需要完美回想起所有细节，动物能恰当应付
ABD提到了”需要完美回想起所有细节“，排除
C只讲了一半，连动物会怎么样都没有提到。
draw on: If you draw on or draw upon something such as your skill or experience, you make use of it in order to do something.
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