Starfish, with anywhere from five to eight arms, have a strong regenerative ability, and if one arm is lost it quickly replaces it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating and growing an extra one or two.
one arm is lost it quickly replaces it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating and
one arm is lost it is quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating and
they lose one arm they quickly replace it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating,
they lose one arm they are quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating,
they lose one arm it is quickly replaced, sometimes with the animal overcompensating,
题目分析:
略
选项分析:
A选项:在一个句子中,代词it如果反复出现,其必须指代同一个单数名词(they也是同样的道理)。本选项中it quickly replaces it显然是不正确的,这两个it在逻辑上应该指代不同对象。另外,by the animal overcompensating中的by是介词,身后只能添加名词短语(注意区分这种情况和独立主格的情况)。因此,overcompensating必须为动名词短语(未划线部分的growing也是同理)。如果想给动名词短语添加逻辑主语,只能用所有格的形式,即:
animal‘s overcompensating。
B选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。with the animal sometimes overcompensating是独立主格结构。
C选项:by the animal overcompensating错误同(A)。
D选项:两个代词they在逻辑上指代对象应该是不同的,该指代错误同(A)。
E选项:overcompensating和growing均是animal发出的动作,两者应保持平行。因此,overcompensating身后不能加逗号。两者平列时,两者之间不能用逗号隔开。
【求问毕老师】这题很难我第一时间反应过来应该用by the animal's compensating一个名词放于动名词之前,看曼哈顿里提到一个语法规则:如果该名词是动名词的发起者,那么要用所有格,如Mike’s swimming is the product of new coaching techniques. 想问下这条规则背后的原因或逻辑是什么?谢谢~
这真是一个非常好的问题。
这个的底层逻辑是动词的名词化(也叫名物化)。
英语中,一般主语和宾语等部分必须用名词,所以主语从句和宾语从句也会被称为名词性从句。但当我们不想用从句的时候,要怎么表达一件事呢?这就引出了名词化的概念,例如:
people reduced driving.
这是一个完整的句子,如果想让它当主语,那么需要写为:
That people reduced driving makes me happy.
这句话又显得不好看,就可以写为:
People's reduction of driving makes me happy.
这里的People's reduction of driving就是people reduced driving这句话的名词化结果。为了表征出people和driving不是reduction的普通定语,而是逻辑上的主语和宾语,所以英语中要求用所有格的形式出现在reduction的身前和身后。
动名词的用所有格来写出逻辑主语这个规则,就来自于这个名词化的原理。
登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论