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题库 / OG2017-CR-612
In Stenland, many workers have been complaining that they cannot survive on minimum wage, the lowest wage an employer is permitted to pay. The government is proposing to raise the minimum wage. Many employers who pay their workers the current minimum wage argue that if it is raised, unemployment will increase because they will no longer be able to afford to employ as many workers.
Which of the following, if true in Stenland, most strongly supports the claim that raising the minimum wage there will not have the effects that the employers predict?
For any position with wages below a living wage, the difficulty of finding and retaining employees adds as much to employment costs as would raising wages.
Raising the minimum wage does not also increase the amount employers have to contribute in employee benefits.
When inflation is taken into account, the proposed new minimum wage is not as high as the current one was when it was introduced.
Many employees currently being paid wages at the level of the proposed new minimum wage will demand significant wage increases.
Many employers who pay some workers only the minimum wage also pay other workers wages that are much higher than the minimum.
情景：很多工人抱怨说最低的工资太低了，无法生存。政府现在打算提高最低工资。雇佣者说，这样会增加失业率，因为我们可没这么多钱。
推理：本题的问题其实是问“削弱”。其实就是让我们找一个能让“提高最低工资”这个方案不增加失业率的原因。（方案推理）
选题方式：略
选项分析：
A选项：Correct. 对于任何一个低于生活保障的工资的职位来说，保留和发现这个职位的员工的成本和增加工资的成本相同。很显然，本选项表明，提高工资并不等于增加成本，自然也就不会增加失业率。
B选项：提高最低工资并不等于也提高员工的福利待遇。提高福利待遇的问题和提高最低工资并且不增加失业率之间没有联系。
C选项：当通货膨胀被考虑进来时，新的最低工资还不如现在的最低工资高。不论通货膨胀的情况会使得工资的实际如何，其均和提高最低工资不增加失业率之间没有关系。
D选项： 很多现在拿着最低工资的雇员将会继续需求工资的提升。想提高工资是人类的本能，这和增加失业率与否没有关系。
E选项： 很多支付某些工人最低工资的雇佣者也会支付别的工人更高的工资。本选项讨论的是雇佣者的特点，和方案无关。
最低工资增加→企业支出增加→失业率增加（公司的观点）
要加强的话只能从企业支出这边进行解释。即企业支出保持不变的情况下，失业率才会保持不变。达到最低工资增加→企业支出不变→失业率不变的结果。
A选项中提到employment cost跟raising salary是等价的，而employment cost固定在了企业平时支出里面。意味着工资提高就不需要额外支付这笔费用，工资不变就需要额外支出这笔费用。整个过程企业支出不改变，所以涨工资对失业率没有影响。
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