Sound can travel through water for enormous distances, prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of boundaries in the ocean created by water layers of different temperatures and densities.
prevented from dissipating its acoustic energy as a result of
prevented from having its acoustic energy dissipated by
its acoustic energy prevented from dissipating by
its acoustic energy prevented from being dissipated as a result of
preventing its acoustic energy from dissipating by
the real issue with (b) is that it can be read as "...dissipated by boundaries".in other words, choice (b) seems to suggest that the boundaries themselves can dissipate the acoustic energy; this is the opposite of the intended meaning. actual meaning is that boundaries are helping in preventing the dissipation of energy..
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