The English physician Edward Jenner found that if experimental subjects were deliberately infected with cowpox, which caused only a mild illness, they are immune from smallpox.
which caused only a mild illness, they are immune from
causing only a mild illness, they become immune from
which causes only a mild illness, they are immune to
causing only a mild illness, they became immune from
which caused only a mild illness, they would become immune to
题目分析:
略。
选项分析:
A选项:由于they are immune from smallpox是一个虚拟的情况,即,它是存在于“实验者感染cowpox”的情况下的,因此,其应该用虚拟语气,即,they would become immune from smallpox。
B选项:分词短语causing only a mild illness是伴随状语,其主语为它所修饰的句子的主语,即,experimental subjects。但在逻辑上,引起疾病的应该是 cowpox,而不是experimental subjects。
C选项:本选项错误同选项(A)。
D选项:本选项错误同选项(B)。
E选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
Scientists found that if flowers were watered with sulfuric acid, they would die.
我们可以想见,科学家一定是做了这个实验,给某朵花浇了硫酸,才能发现交了硫酸后花会死。从这个角度说,if/then的事情与科学家found这个时点发生的事情是一致的,不需要用虚拟语气。
但这个格式用虚拟语气,是要表示“花被浇硫酸”这件事情与通常情况是不符的,世界上大部分的花都好好的,不会被人浇硫酸。这也是为什么这里的虚拟用的是if did,then would,表示与现在的/惯常的情况相反。
2、除虚拟语气外的if/then的时态:
if用一般现在时,表示在事情发生的情况下,then用将来时,”主将从现“。如:
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great Wall.
没有if过去式,过去的事情是不可改变的,如果对过去的事情进行if,表示假设与过去的事情不同另一种情况,即与过去的事情相反的情况,if过去的事情自动转入虚拟语气。
关于时态,found过去发现,they were infected,过去被感染,感染后获得免疫力也是过去的事情,所以能够免疫这里一定是过去时。
不是科学客观 你看原文在说他在猜想假设他发现的东西登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论
没有 immune from的说法
过去: If I had done, I would/could have done...
现在: If I were a bird, I would/could do...
将来: If it were to do, I would/could do...
伴随状语的逻辑主语是主句主语
A选项:由于they are immune from smallpox是一个虚拟的情况(be immune to✅),即,它是存在于“实验者感染cowpox”的情况下的,因此,其应该用虚拟语气,即,they would become immune from smallpox。
Be immune to✅be immune from❌
SVO, ing/done不是可以做定语,逻辑主语是O。是有这种说法,但是和which引导的定从相比,前者容易产生歧义,因为前者的SVO, ING还可以是状语,而which修饰前面的名词是肯定的,不会有歧义。登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论