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题库 / OG2017V-SC-299
Once numbering in the millions worldwide, it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 United States and Alaska.
it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some
the wolf is estimated to have declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
the wolf has declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, some
wolves have declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
wolves have declined to an estimated 200,000 in 57 countries, some
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平行：wolves不能减少到estimate,只能减少到一个数量
d和e的考点在根据句意是用with引导的独立主格来修饰主句的动作呢，还是直接同位语呢
显然同位语
mark
D: declined to an estimate of 200,000 . decline只能到一个数 不能到an estimate, an estimate of 200,000 核心词是 an estimate
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them说明要是复数，some可作形容词译为大约，estimate和approximately--wordy。
A COMMA + with modifier must serve to express HOW the preceding action is facilitated.
D: Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red does NOT express how the preceding action -- that the wolves HAVE DECLINED in number -- is facilitated.
Where the wolves are now found did not facilitate their decline but is the RESULT of their decline.
为划线部分的them表面主语是复数，只能是d, e
an estimate of 200000已经是一个估计数字了，不需要approximately来重复了
C： a decline is strictly speaking to a number, not to an estimate.
C/E选项，C和E选项的主语the wolf和wolves分别指代狼群这个种群和狼群个体，在逻辑上都没错，因而wolves和the wolf并不是解题的着手点。剩余C/E选项的差异在于an estimate of 200000和an estimated 200000，很明显an estimate of 200000，200000是修饰estimate (the people of China)，即estimate是宾语；而an estimated 200000，200000是宾语，an estimated修饰200000。从原文意思可知应是降到某个数量，而不是降到一个估计值(estimate)。所以正确选项是E。
请问一下后面的some XX of them前面没有加逗号，是做独立主格吗？
不是，独立主格的主语要跟主句的主语不同，这里应该是同位语。
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C D a decline is strictly speaking to a number, not to
an estimate.
of them 关键信息竟然没看到！！！
首先根据initial modifier的考点可以知道发出numbering动作的一定要是狼群，所以A,B,C就可以排除了。然后看D和E，D的意思是wolves have declined to an estimate，E里面则是wolves have declined to 200,000,根据语意不难知道原句想要强调的是数量，而不是降到一个估计值。至于E里面的estimated则是作为形容词来修饰200，000.
请问此处with approximately和some的解释
从句意理解，11,000只狼在lower 48 US and Alaska被发现不能伴随狼群下降到200,000，所以with伴随的选项都是错的
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请问此处with approximately和some的解释
请问此处with approximately和some的解释
我觉得approximately是副词，语法上不能修饰后面的200000这个数量。some只有形容词的词性，可以修饰后面这个数量……具体还要请毕老师看看？
同意 独立主格里不可能有动词 副词也就没有修饰对象了
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如何理解这里的estimated？是做形容词词修饰200000？