Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles Islands.
sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of
sloth, that they found in Puerto Rico in 1991, has been dated at 34 million years old, thus making it the earliest mammal known on
sloth that was found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, making this the earliest known mammal of
sloth, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making the sloth the earliest known mammal on
sloth which, found in Puerto Rico in 1991, was dated at 34 million years old, made the sloth the earliest known mammal of
题目分析:
略。
选项分析:
A选项:首先,由于本选项的dated是过去分词(不可能是过去时,因为date理应是被动语态,若是谓语动词的过去时应该用were dated),所以其引导的部分应该同found in Puerto Rico in 1991平行。鉴于此,and dated at 34 million years old身前和身后的逗号是不应该加的(只有三者平行或者两个完整的句子间的and前才应该加逗号)。
B选项:在语法上,代词they没有指代对象;that不能用于引导非限定性定语从句;has been的主语的核心词是Fossils,应该用have been。
C选项:that was found in Puerto Rico in 1991只能修饰单数名词,而其逻辑上的先行词应为fossils;was dated at 34 million years old主谓一致错误同(B)。
D选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。分词短语making the sloth the earliest known mammal on the Greater Antilles Islands是伴随状语。
E选项:was dated at 34 million years old主谓一致错误同(B);主语fossils和谓语动词made之间不应添加逗号,例如:
(1) I play cards.
(2)** I, play cards.
句(2)是错误的,不能用逗号隔开主语和谓语动词。(有时因有插入语导致谓语动词身前有逗号,这不矛盾。因为那个逗号是用来隔开插入语和主句的,不是用来隔开主语和谓语动词的。语法上不允许有目的是为了隔开主语和谓语动词的逗号)
A错在两者平行不加逗号隔开,直接用and;同时可以从逻辑关系选出D,因为date at 34million years ago可以顺利推断他是最早的,他们俩是有逻辑关系的。
of通常不加地点,接地点用in/at等。
300 meters of the park,这里的of表示时间/距离/面积等,离公园300米远
用之于本题:(1)化石在1991年被发现;(2)化石形成于很多年前;(3)使这个懒熊成为被发现的最早的哺乳动物。化石形成于很多年前与化石是最大的哺乳动物确实是一件事情,但这里有一个词made,A中1、2作化石的定语,3作主句,句子主体变成化石使这个懒熊成为被发现的最早的哺乳动物,化石本身不能made,逻辑错误;D中2作主句,3作状语,表示化石形成于很多年前,使这个懒熊成为被发现的最早的哺乳动物。ok
如果要用2、3是同一件事的逻辑来组织句子,要把made去掉:Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991 were dated at 34 million years old and were the earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles Islands.化石形成于很早以前and化石是被发现的最早的哺乳动物,ok
关于两个句子并列还是做状语:
没有逻辑关系及逻辑关系近似于两件事相等及两件事的时间框架不一致的,用and并列句,不用主句+状语
如:木船是最早的建造船的案例,and木船代表了重大进步;人们在路边扔瓶子and垃圾越来越多;猎豹数量不到100只and猎豹数量比大熊猫少;注册学生数更多了and公立学校的学生数量平稳增加;
脑子一浆糊以为 sloth 是 丝绸 的意思,我怕不是疯了...
abc 的it this是否有指代不明?
that was found in Puerto Rico in 1991之前的逻辑先行词应为fossils;应是were dated at 34 million years old
A Because sloth is the object of a preposition and not the subject of the sentence, there is no reasonable antecedent for the pronoun it; in this construction, the subject of made is fossils, but it makes no sense to say that the fossils made it the earliest known mammal.
dated与found都是过去分词,共同修饰fossils,and前面不需要逗号;fossils使得sloth成为earliest known mammal逻辑意思不对,应该是年份鉴定的结果使之成为earliest known mammal;it指代不清楚,代词难以指到介词的宾语
不能用逗号隔开主语和谓语动词。(有时因有插入语导致谓语动词身前有逗号,这不矛盾。因为那个逗号是用来隔开插入语和主句的,不是用来隔开主语和谓语动词的。语法上不允许有目的是为了隔开主语和谓语动词的逗号)
只有三者平行或者两个完整的句子间的and前才应该加逗号)。
找清楚句子之间是否有逻辑关系,date at和make 中间是有伴随关系的,要年份足够久,才能使其成为最老的。
逻辑主语也是正确的
简单补充一下指代的知识点:AB中的it虽然无法指代Fossils,但马上其次指代的arm也是错的,应该是sloth,而C中的this则无法单独指代,几乎可以直接排除,有明确对象(sloth)的句子优先于用代词的句子
,doing的用法
发现了一个什么,然后这个事情造成了一个结果,明显用结果状语表达更好。
由于本选项的dated是过去分词(不可能是过去时,因为date理应是被动语态,若是谓语动词的过去时应该用were dated),这是为什么选have been的原因
A 选项,抛开逗号的理解,从成分上理解,
简化为:Fossils made it the earliest known mammal 。 但是是Fossile 被追溯到具体年份的这个事件使得 sloth 被认为是最老的mammal。
D选项 ,making the sloth the earliest known mammal 作为 伴随状语,修饰 have been dated at 34 million years old,显然会更好些。
注意单复数,主语fossils
注意语义的问题 ;AE中fossils made it th不合逻辑的e earlist 是
was dated at 34 million years old主谓一致错误同(B);主语fossils和谓语动词made之间不应添加逗号,例如:
(1) I play cards.
(2)** I, play cards.
句(2)是错误的,不能用逗号隔开主语和谓语动词。(有时因有插入语导致谓语动词身前有逗号,这不矛盾。因为那个逗号是用来隔开插入语和主句的,不是用来隔开主语和谓语动词的。语法上不允许有目的是为了隔开主语和谓语动词的逗号)
只有三者平行或者两个完整的句子间的and前才应该加逗号。A中and不应该有逗号
B中主谓一致错误;they无指代;that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
C中that was部分只能修饰单数先行词,而逻辑先行词是fossils。且有主谓一致的错误。
E中主谓用逗号隔开只存在中间有插入语的情况,而不是中间有从句的情况,此外有主谓一致问题。