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题库 / OG2020-CR-627
Exporters in Country X are facing lower revenues due to a shortage of the large metal shipping containers in which they send their goods by sea to other countries.Fewer containers arrive in Country X due to reductions in imports. This has meant lost orders, costly delays, and a scramble for alternatives, such as airfreight, all of which are costlier. Moreover, the revenues of exporters in Country X will probably continue to decline in the near future. This is because other countries are likely to find it increasingly unprofitable to export their goods to Country X, and because __________.
Which of the following would most logically complete the passage?
production of shipping containers in Country X is growing rapidly as a response to the shortage
shipping companies are willing to move containers from country to country only when the containers are full
the cost of shipping alternatives such as air freight is likely to stabilize in the near future
consumers in Country X are purchasing more products than ever before
the worldwide demand for goods made in Country X has only recently begun to rise after a long decline
情景：X国的出口商收入正在减少，因为没有足够的船运集装箱。由于进口的限制，达到X国的船运集装箱也变少。由此导致了失去订单、发货延迟，且替代的运输方式也很贵。X国出口商未来的收入会持续下降，因为1. 其他国家的出口商觉得X国不赚钱，2._______。
推理：我们顺着题干找一个可以解释X国出口商未来赚不到钱的理由即可。
选项分析：
A选项：由于短缺，X国船运集装箱的生产在极速增长：如果船运集装箱的供给增多，那么出口商就可以出口物品，从而增加收入。
B选项：正确。船运公司只有在集装箱满的时候才愿意运输：鉴于进口到X国不赚钱，那么进口的物品会越来越少，到达的集装箱也会更少，X国的出口商更赚不到钱了。
C选项：在未来，船运替代方式的成本不会变：我们讨论的是出口商的revenue，与替代方式的cost无关。
D选项：X国的消费者会比以前买更多的产品：与X国消费者的购买力无关。
E选项：在长时间的下降后，全球对X国的产品需求最近才开始上升：无关。
还是没动跟集装箱满有什么关系？
我的理解是：B中的shipping companies指的是出口货物到X国的公司，因为不赚钱了，出口到X国的货物就变少了， 而且出口到X国的集装箱装满了才出发，因为货物少了，可能一两个箱子就把全部货物装满了，那么到达X国的集装箱数量就会减少。所以X国用来出口的箱子不够，收入减少。
我觉得是因为：一方面，别的国家不愿意出口到x国，所以x国进口减少，题干中说了进口减少会导致集装箱到的数量减少；另一方面，别的国家出口到x国的那一部分集装箱有可能还是装不满的，装不满的快递公司不送，那就会有更少的进口的产品到x国，也就是在原来的基础上集装箱数量更少。集装箱数量少，x国出口受影响，那revenue也就下降了
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