Many environmentalists, and some economists, say that free trade encourages industry to relocate to countries with ineffective or poorly enforced antipollution laws, mostly in the developing world, and that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution.
that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution
that, for maintaining competitiveness, rich nations join in this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution
that rich nations join this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution because of wanting to maintain competitiveness
that in rich nations, joining this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution is a result of wanting to maintain competition
that wanting to maintain competition is making rich nations join in this downward slide toward an attitude about pollution that is more lax
join in: to take part in an activity with other people,this wording implies that the rich nations are colluding with each other, metaphorically holding hands, deciding together to become more lax about pollution. (choice a expresses the correct meaning, which is that the slide is happening and that rich nations are individually joining it.)
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