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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-33
More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
With 20 percent of the world's fresh water, that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers that drain into it.
Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, it holds more of the world's fresh water than all that of the North American Great Lakes combined, 20 percent.
While more than 300 rivers drain into it, Siberia's Lake Baikal holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, which is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
More than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water.
题目分析：
本题难度较大，需要仔细区分成分及语意方可找到答案。
选项分析：
A选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
B选项：that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined是定语从句，但非限定性定语从句不能用that来引导，只能用which。另外，在主句部分，我们不能说Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers，即，Baikal不能拥有300条河，只能是三百条河流入Baikal。
C选项：语法有误。Siberia's Lake Baikal和代词it均是holds的主语，这造成了一个句子有两个主语。另外，with more than 300 rivers draining into it是独立主格结构，其是holds句的状语。在逻辑上，三百条河流入Baikal应是在描述Siberia's Lake Baikal的性质的，而描述名词的均应该是定语，不能使用状语。
D选项：状语从句while more than 300 rivers drain into it有误。它在修饰主句hold这个动作。但在逻辑上，“300条河流入”和“湖里的水占据了多少百分比的全球淡水”之间没有时间关系。也就是说，不能说“当300条河流入的时候，湖里的水就占了20%”。这好像是给“占20%”加了一个限定的时间。
又或者，现在如果突然所有的河都不流入了，短时间内这个湖逻辑上还是会占20%的淡水的。因此，不能用“流入”这个动作来做“占据”的时间状语。
E选项：with more than 300 rivers draining into it是独立主格结构错误同选项(C)。
题目分析：
本题难度较大，需要仔细区分成分及语意方可找到答案。
选项分析：
A选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
B选项：that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined是定语从句，但非限定性定语从句不能用that来引导，只能用which。另外，在主句部分，我们不能说Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers，即，Baikal不能拥有300条河，只能是三百条河流入Baikal。
C选项：语法有误。Siberia's Lake Baikal和代词it均是holds的主语，这造成了一个句子有两个主语。另外，with more than 300 rivers draining into it是独立主格结构，其是holds句的状语。在逻辑上，三百条河流入Baikal应是在描述Siberia's Lake Baikal的性质的，而描述名词的均应该是定语，不能使用状语。
D选项：定语从句which is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined应就近修饰，这里只能修饰20 percent of the world's fresh water，这是不正确的。该定语从句描述的在逻辑上应是Siberia's Lake Baikal的特点。
E选项：with more than 300 rivers draining into it是独立主格结构错误同选项(C)。
choice (b) starts out with “With 20 percent of the world's fresh water, that is more than ...”
this could potentially be read in two ways, both of which are incorrect:
(INCORRECT READING 1)
"that" is a pronoun (in the same way you'd point at a menu and say "i want that")
to use that in this way - by itself as a pronoun, as a "pointing word" - is always incorrect in formal written english.
"that" CAN be used as a pronoun, but only if it's in a parallel construction (such as the capacity of tank A vs. that of tank B).
(INCORRECT READING 2)
it's a relative pronoun (in the same way you'd write "here's the book that i read").
two things wrong here.
one, you don't put a comma before this kind of "that".
two, even if this were written correctly (i.e., without the comma), which it isn't, you'd still be saying 20% of the water that is more than the great lakes. i.e., there is SOME SPECIFIC water that is "more than the great lakes", and we're talking about 20% of that water. that doesn't make sense.
so, wrong either way.
choice (d) neither "lake" nor "water" would be a legitimate referent for this modifier -- you couldn't say "the lake is more than...", but neither could you say "the water is more than..."
this sentence will only make sense if the modifier is allowed to modify the preceding clause, which talks about holding water (because "holding more" actually makes sense).
if you are talking about choice (d) or choice (e), note that the modifiers in those choices are modifiers that modify nouns, not clauses. that's a problem in this case.
we can also knock out choice (d) because of wrong usage of "while"，It should be used in one of two circumstances:
(1) if the first act takes place during the second act, or (2) if there is some sort of contrast between the two acts - most of the time used as this way when used at the beginning
Both these situation doesn't apply to this answer right!
choice (e)： when you have an INITIAL MODIFIER THAT'S NOT A CLAUSE (i.e., it doesn't have its own subject and verb), then it must modify the immediately following noun.
example:
coming home from school, the wind blew me off my bike. --> INCORRECT, because the implication is that the wind itself was "coming home from school".
coming home from school, i was blown off my bike by the wind. --> correct (even though the passive voice is used).
--
same problem in choice (e), which implies that lake baikal itself is somehow "more than all the North American Great Lakes combined".
that doesn't make sense. The lake might hold an amount of water that is more than another amount of water, but the lake itself is not "more than" something.
the above rule is completely rigid, too; it doesn't allow for the modifier to be used in any other way.
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