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题库 / Prep2007E1-SC-81
In the major cities of industrialized countries at the end of the nineteenth century, important public places such as theaters, restaurants, shops, and banks had installed electric lighting, but electricity was in less than one percent of homes, where lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas.
electricity was in less than one percent of homes, where lighting was still
electricity was in less than one percent of homes and lighting still
there had been less than one percent of homes with electricity, where lighting was still being
there was less than one percent of homes that had electricity, having lighting that was still
less than one percent of homes had electricity, where lighting had still been
题目分析：
本题考点比较明确，难度不算很大。
选项分析：
A选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。where lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas是一个定语从句，可以理解为：
in which lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas.
定语从句整体的内容为：
lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas in homes.
B选项：不同于选项(A)，本选项的lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas不是定语从句，而是和electricity was in less than one percent of homes构成了一个合句（当然，原选项在lighting后面缺少谓语动词was）。虽然在语法上没有问题，但是在逻辑上两句话不能构成并列关系。可以观察到，lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas中是完全没有提到homes的（选项(A)中由于这句话是一个定语从句，所以先行词homes会在从句中做状语），也就是说我们可以把这个句子近似写为：
lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas in X.
显然地，这句话和electricity was in less than one percent of homes之间无法产生并列关系（例如：我们不能说：电只在小于1%的家庭中出现，并且，在商场里，光亮主要由燃气和蜡烛提供。这也和前文矛盾嘛）。
另外，也可以理解为并列连词and身后没有谓语动词。
C选项：where引导的定语从句最近的名词是electricity，这会使得该定语从句的先行词变为electricity，在逻辑上不合理。
D选项：having lighting在本选项中可以做定语从句homes had electricity的伴随状语。在逻辑上，我们不能说“房子拥有光亮（home have lighting）“，只能说”房子里有光“。这是因为房子不能主动的拥有光亮。
E选项：where引导的定语从句最近的名词electricity，该错误同(C)；房子不能主动拥有光亮错误同选项(D)。
我猜你说的应该是C和E项，我也有点疑惑，后来想想可能是这样：定语代词是可以按照最合理的意思进行跳跃修饰的，我们都知道句中where指代的是homes, 当选项中出现“homes, where”和“electricity, where”的分歧，我们可以默认这里考察的是名词修饰语就近修饰的原则，所以自然优选前者。 另外，关于跳跃修饰的问题，GMAT中几乎很少出现跳过谓语动词（比如E中的had）修饰的，C的跳跃修饰还可以接受，但也可以按照上面说的和E一并排除了，否则就要看其他的时态等问题进行排除了
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但是用并列句不能明确说明lighting provided是在homes，而不是其他地方。
最后B在lighting之后少了一个was，句子结构不完整。
C，where的先行词为electricity，不当，排除
D，having的伴随部分，主语是home，home have light，语义上是有问题的，排除
E，同D
A correct
单看修饰对象的正确与否，应该选择A（，非限定定语从句与修饰对象要尽量靠近）
另外重心变成了there was homes
排除CE：electricity不能被where修饰
B：SVO and 新SVO典型错误
D：homes had electricity逻辑错误，家不能有电，只能是家里有电
C：where就近修饰电力，不合理。
D：having lighting that was still 作为伴随修饰最近的动作（homes had electricity）翻译过来是家里有电，家里拥有光。家不是一个人，没有办法拥有东西
E：where就近修饰电力
c，where lighting was still being + where引导的noun modifier离修饰的主语homes太远
d，there was less than one percent of homes that had electricity，主谓不一致，there were less than one percent of homes
e，同c，where引导的noun modifier离修饰的主语homes太远，where就近修饰electricity【曼哈顿上说noun modifier需要和修饰名词尽量靠近，adv modifier主要不产生歧义，可以和修饰的adj／verb有距离】
综合来说a是最优选，其他选项都有明显错误
1) there be 句型使用不对(只在描述位置或表达有几点这类assertion时用there be)；
2) D的there was也不对(应该是were)；
3) having light 作为一个adverb modifier修饰的是主句的动词，如果修饰was显然不对，即使理解为修饰had electricity也不符合逻辑。
D选项：having lighting在本选项中可以做定语从句homes had electricity的伴随状语。在逻辑上，我们不能说“房子拥有光亮（home have lighting）“，只能说”房子里有光“。这是因为房子不能主动的拥有光亮。
CE选项：where引导的定语从句最近的名词是electricity，这会使得该定语从句的先行词变为electricity，在逻辑上不合理。
E，where不能跳跃谓语动词had electricity去修饰主语homes
逻辑上，重要的公共场所有电和99%的家庭没电是同一时点不同物质的状态，应该用同样的时态，而不是用表示一者在另一者之前发生的had时态。