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题库 / Prep2008E1-CR-112
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
When people engage in activities that help others, their brain releases endorphins, the brain's natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. It has been suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people's longevity, and a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others shows that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because __________.
in the communities studied, women were much more likely to do regular volunteer work than men were, and women tend to live longer than men do
the number of young adults who do regular volunteer work is on the increase
the feelings of well-being induced by endorphins can, at least for a time, mask the symptoms of various conditions and diseases, provided the symptoms are mild
it is rare for a person to keep up a regular schedule of volunteer work throughout his or her life
some people find that keeping a commitment to do regular volunteer work becomes a source of stress in their lives
情景：当人们帮助别人时，大脑会释放出一种让人感觉很爽的物质。凡是经常性参加志愿工作的人都会比不参加的人更加长寿。但是，就算是志愿工作不能导致人们长寿，这个数据也依然会是这样。
答案预估：
直接解释为何“就算是志愿工作不能导致人们长寿，这个数据也依然会是这样”的即可。
选项分析：
A选项：Correct. 在被研究的社区，女性相较于男性更有可能做经常性的志愿工作，而女性的平均寿命要长于男性。本选项解释了为什么参加志愿工作的人长寿，即，因为女性本来活的时间就长。也就是说，即便志愿活动和长寿无关，数据也依旧如此。
B选项：做经常性的志愿者工作的年轻人人数正在增加。年轻人并不代表活的时间长。
C选项：如果症状比较轻微的话，那么多巴胺所带来的良好的感觉，至少一次，可以掩盖住很多情况和疾病的症状。本选项没有提到“长寿”的问题，可以排除。
D选项：对于一个人来说，很难在他的一生中一直做经常性的志愿工作。本选项没有提到“长寿”的问题，可以排除。
E选项：有些人发现，做经常性的志愿工作会变成一种压力的来源。没有理由相信压力会导致短寿。
and women tend to live longer than men do
现象解释型
在GMAT中，较为常见的题型是：A--->B，之后问我们如何削弱该推理。现在的这种问法属于反其道而行之，即，A, however, not B，之后问我们如何解释结论中not B这个情况。实际上，两种问法在原则上完全相同。试想，如果我们有能力削弱A--->B，那么自然可以解释为什么“A不能推出B”，即，A, however, not B。
看懂最后however那句的翻译，以及理解A however非B because=A→B削弱
that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity：即使做志愿者不能变长寿，数据依然会显示做志愿者的寿命比较长。。。这比直接问哪个能削弱结论（做志愿者可以增加寿命），来的有难度多。。。
mark这道题！
in the communities studied...
A中and就说明了前后两句话是并列关系，不是因果关系
MARK. OG 变体
A female更容易去做regular volunteer work比male 况且female本来就寿命要比male长
D irrelevent
哇，tend to。。。。
However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity 第一次做题时没看明白，意思是即使实际上志愿工作不能延长寿命，统计数据上也会这么显示。看懂这句话后可以用排除法。
错选了C，不要自己过度推理和过度关联
问削弱，结论：志愿者工作不能导致长寿，问下面那个选项是支持这个结论的
这道题讲的是相关因果关系的变体。一开始这道题我错了，因为我没太理解statistic would be what we would expect 的意思。现在分析一下发现，其实这道题就是变相在问削弱，就是问即使志愿工作和寿命没有关系，但是那些因素还是会导致“做志愿者工作的人比不做志愿者工作的人寿命长这个数据”的发生。
。。。。。你有无关系，数据就在那里，不离不弃。。。。。
even if volunteering does not boost longevity，the statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others shows that they live longer would happened。 why？ explain it