Technological improvements and reduced equipment costs have made converting solar energy directly into electricity far more cost-efficient in the last decade. However, the threshold of economic viability for solar power (that is, the price per barrel to which oil would have to rise in order for new solar power plants to be more economical than new oil-fired power plants) is unchanged at thirty-five dollars.
Which of the following, if true, does most to help explain why the increased cost-efficiency of solar power has not decreased its threshold of economic viability?
The cost of oil has fallen dramatically.
The reduction in the cost of solar-power equipment has occurred despite increased raw material costs for that equipment.
Technological changes have increased the efficiency of oil-fired power plants.
Most electricity is generated by coal-fired or nuclear, rather than oil-fired, power plants.
When the price of oil increases, reserves of oil not previously worth exploiting become economically viable.
情景:技术进步和减少的设备成本让太阳能转换电能变得更有效率。但是,经济可行性阈值却完全没有变化。
推理:直接解释however身后的部分即可。
本题其实比较重要的问题是把什么叫经济可行性阈值看懂。阈值本身虽然是一种价格差,但是其本质是成本效益的比较。题目中所给出的经济可行性的阈值表示:“如果令某种方式在经济效益上超过火电,那么火电每桶油需要上升多少钱”。
选项分析:
A选项:油价下降了很多。在推理文段中,其实油价是一个量度的标准,真正比较的是经济效益。
B选项:尽管将太阳能转化为电能的器材原料价格变高,但是这种器材的成本还是下降了。本选项在解释前提中“减少的设备成本”。
C选项:Correct. 技术的革新增加了火电的经济效益。本选项直接谈及经济效益,可以有效的解释现象。
D选项:大部分的电力是来自于煤电和核电而不是火电的。本选项和待解释的现象无关。
E选项:当油价上涨的时候,有些以前不值得开发的储油地也开始变得值得开发了。本选项和待解释的现象无关。
A错在,混淆了概念cost of oil和efficiency of oil-fired power。油价可以低不过不能保证efficiency高,因为可能管道维修贵了,石油工人工会工资问题......,只是举2个例子。意思说cost of oil和efficiency of oil-fired power的联系是主观的建立的,而不是题目已经给的。
选项A 讲述了只是oil——也是想攻击(因),但是没有实现有效攻击,因为并讨论到问题的变量oil-fire power的效益 —— 这是典型的用一个因素(oil的成本)去替代 整个变量( oil-fire power效益)
讲的太好了,就是错在这个点上,
不过我本来还想杠:你内部效率提高了,原材料涨了,成本不是还是要高?
所以我认为英语里面的efficiency某种程度上就是指cost高的反义,efficienty高等于cost少。
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