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题库 / Prep2008E1-SC-178
Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.
requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect
requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
that require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets protect
to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets are protecting
to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
题目分析：
本题考生需要看出划线部分身前的their compliance with laws是一个句子的名物化结果，原句为：
They comply with laws requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets
选项分析：
A选项：saying身后的宾语从句that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles的主语的核心词是compliance，是一个单数名词，所以该宾语从句的谓语动词也应该是一个单数名词，即，protects。因此，本选项犯了主谓一致的错误。
B选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
C选项：主谓一致错误同(A)。
D选项：不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets应改为现在分词短语requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets，这点考查了“不定式和ing的区别”，用之于本题，主句“遵纪守法”对“法律规定”的发生与否没有任何影响（你遵守还是不遵守法律，对法律本身规定了什么没有影响），因此只能用ing短语做定语修饰laws；主谓一致错误同(A)。请注意，这里的compliance with laws是comply with laws的名词化形式，所以由于不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets是laws的定语，所以它的主句是comply（compliance）。
E选项：不定式短语错误同(D)。
contents of the law. While this might sound very obvious to natives, but non natives
might have to struggle to get this clearly. Consider the following examples.
1.Arms act is passed to discourage random public shootings. Correct
2.Arms act is passed to levy heavy fines on people who carry unlicensed
firearm. Wrong.
2 is wrong because the arms act is not issued to levy fines. It is issued to prevent
something by levying fines. So the correct option is B.
CD选项中注意区别ing和不定式的区别————知识点：若发生不定式和ing转换的是状语或者定语，则判断标准细化为：变化成分的主句的发生是否对变化成分的发生与否有直接影响。若有，则选不定式，若没有，则选ing————显然，compliance of laws对require....没有影响，则选ing。
laws to require：表法令的目的，就要用to do
Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle,
saying that their compliance*** with laws 【requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets --内容】 is*** protecting adult sea turtles.
上周，当地捕虾者召开新闻发布会，为稀有的肯普氏雷德利海龟的死灰复燃表示赞赏，
称他们对【要求捕虾网上的海龟排除装置∈content】的法律的遵守是为了保护成年海龟。
2.to do表目的，而requiring作为定语修饰laws，补充说明laws的性质，因此根据语义，选择requring，B选项
2. 不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets应改为现在分词短语requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets，这点考查了“不定式和ing的区别”，用之于本题，主句“遵纪守法”对“法律规定”的发生与否没有任何影响（你遵守还是不遵守法律，对法律本身规定了什么没有影响），因此只能用ing短语做定语修饰laws；
---若发生不定式和ing转换的是状语或者定语，则判断标准细化为：变化成分的主句的发生是否对变化成分的发生与否有直接影响。
2. 不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets应改为现在分词短语requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets，这点考查了“不定式和ing的区别”，用之于本题，主句“遵纪守法”对“法律规定”的发生与否没有任何影响（你遵守还是不遵守法律，对法律本身规定了什么没有影响），因此只能用ing短语做定语修饰laws；
---若发生不定式和ing转换的是状语或者定语，则判断标准细化为：变化成分的主句的发生是否对变化成分的发生与否有直接影响。
They comply with laws requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets
A选项：saying身后的宾语从句that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles的主语的核心词是compliance，是一个单数名词，
D：主句“遵纪守法”对“法律规定”的发生与否没有任何影响（你遵守还是不遵守法律，对法律本身规定了什么没有影响）
核心词是compliance因此谓语用单数AC排除
DE是不定式和ing区别的知识点
主语是谁，谓语在哪里，主谓一致否
谓语动词对宾语宾补的约束力
描述法律法规的内容要用ing修饰，因为法令的内容通常以分词引导表效力的延续，如laws、agreement、directive等，但是如果是表法令的目的，就要用to do登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论
c错因为主谓不一致protect应该是protects
laws to specify long jail sentences for drunk drivers --> incorrect (that's not the ultimate purpose of the laws)
laws to discourage drunk driving --> correct (this IS actually the ultimate purpose of the laws)