Last week local shrimpers held a news conference to take some credit for the resurgence of the rare Kemp's ridley turtle, saying that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles.
requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect
requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
that require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets protect
to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets are protecting
to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets is protecting
题目分析:
本题考生需要看出划线部分身前的their compliance with laws是一个句子的名物化结果,原句为:
They comply with laws requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets
选项分析:
A选项:saying身后的宾语从句that their compliance with laws requiring that turtle-excluder devices be on shrimp nets protect adult sea turtles的主语的核心词是compliance,是一个单数名词,所以该宾语从句的谓语动词也应该是一个单数名词,即,protects。因此,本选项犯了主谓一致的错误。
B选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
C选项:主谓一致错误同(A)。
D选项:不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets应改为现在分词短语requiring turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets,这点考查了“不定式和ing的区别”,用之于本题,主句“遵纪守法”对“法律规定”的发生与否没有任何影响(你遵守还是不遵守法律,对法律本身规定了什么没有影响),因此只能用ing短语做定语修饰laws;主谓一致错误同(A)。请注意,这里的compliance with laws是comply with laws的名词化形式,所以由于不定式短语to require turtle-excluder devices on shrimp nets是laws的定语,所以它的主句是comply(compliance)。
E选项:不定式短语错误同(D)。
laws跟现在分词表示法律的具体内容;laws to do表示法律的最终目的。如the laws/agreement/directive requiring that……,法规要求要如何如何;laws to discourage drunk driving,用来组织酒驾的法律。
2、require的用法
require that sb do sth=require sb to do sth,要求某人做某事
require也可以直接接名词,require sth
2.Their N 要看N是否是單複數來決定 整體單複數 不是看到their就覺得是複數
D:requiring that devices be on nets VS requiring devices on nets 省略之美
1. require 还有一个用法就是require+noun.
2. laws后面没有什么必须不必须加to do一说的,是这样的,如果laws后面加-ing,那么-ing指的是laws的具体内容;加to do,则是表laws的终极目的。
例:laws specifying long jail sentences for drunk drivers.--对,因为-ing说的就是这个laws的内容是什么
laws to discourage drunk driving--对,因为to discourage..就是颁布这个laws的目的。
同理,plan这类词也是这样
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如果用to的话就应该是表示law的目的,很显然题目所说的不是目的。
比如:
the law to protect turtles 这种用法就是对的,因为law的目的是保护turtle
如果用to的话就应该是表示law的目的,很显然题目所说的不是目的。
比如:
the law to protect turtles 这种用法就是对的,因为law的目的是保护turtle
C选项:'that require' is wordy; protect--protects, 主谓一致;
DE选项:'to require' obscures the purpose of the laws;D选项:注意主谓一致;