Leaching, the recovery of copper from the drainage water of mines, as a method of the extraction of minerals, it was well established as early as the eighteenth century, but until about 25 years ago miners did not realize that bacteria take an active part in the process.
as a method of the extraction of minerals, it was well established
as a method of the extraction of minerals well established
was a well-established method of mineral extraction
was a well-established method of extracting mineral that was
had been a method of mineral extraction, well established
C中as early as the eighteenth century作为状语,表示(早在18世纪时)leaching是一种很完善的方法,而D中as early as the eighteenth century变成了定语修饰method,表示leaching是一种(18世纪完善建立的)方法。而后半句说,(直到25年前)工人才发现细菌在该过程中起作用。两个半句之间应该有对比转折的逻辑关系(用了but--应该是强烈转折和大对比的关系),因而从()位置可以看出,C选项的对比更对称,即同样时间都作为状语而非定语。E中had been是过去完成时,容易让人以为和现在无关了,另外,同D(,well established)在句子中做定语,且是非限制性定语,使得well established 变成了一个不重要的成分,这样一来和后半句的对比就不再完整对称了。意思是leaching是一种方法,但是25年前工人才发现细菌起作用。---时间的一组对比就消失了。
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