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题库 / Prep2012-CR-35
Perkins: According to an article I read, the woolly mammoth's extinction in North America coincided with a migration of humans onto the continent 12,000 years ago, and stone spearheads from this period indicate that these people were hunters. But the author's contention that being hunted by humans contributed to the woolly mammoth's extinction is surely wrong since, as paleontologists know, no spearheads have ever been found among the many mammoth bones that have been unearthed.
Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest reason for discounting the evidence Perkins cites in arguing against the contention that being hunted by humans contributed to the North American extinction of woolly mammoths?
At sites where mammoth bones dating from 12,000 years ago have been unearthed, bones of other mammals have rarely been found.
The stone from which stone spearheads were made is unlikely to have disintegrated over the course of 12,000 years.
Conditions in North America 12,000 years ago were such that humans could not have survived there on a diet that did not include substantial amounts of meat.
Cave paintings in North America that date from 12,000 years ago depict woolly mammoths as well as a variety of other animals, including deer and buffalo.
Because of the great effort that would have been required to produce each stone spearhead, hunters would have been unlikely to leave them behind.
P:woolly mammoth's的灭绝正好和人类到达的时间重合，但并不能说明是人类导致灭绝。因为在被埋葬的mammoth边上并没有发现人类使用的spearheaded。问如何反驳P
choice b, 用来制造spearheaded的石头不太可能在12000年前分解。 strengthen P's conclusion，排除了一个他因
choice c, 12000年前天气严寒，人类不太可能会在缺少大量肉食的情况下活下来。irrelevant，没有证据证明substantial meat一定是mammoth
choice e, 因为制造spearheaded很费力，猎人们不太可能丢下它们。correct，说明猎人们可能用spearheaded杀了mammoth以后又把斧头给带走了
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