Two recent publications offer different assessments of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale. A book by Anne Summers seeks to debunk the idealizations and present a reality at odds with Nightingale's heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingale's importance during the Crimean War has been exaggerated: not until near the war's end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. Additionally, Summers writes that the contribution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal. The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizational practices, and the addition of a few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingale's place in the national pantheon, Summers asserts, is largely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.

By contrast, the editors of a new volume of Nightingale's letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced not only her own age but also subsequent generations. They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditions after the war. For example, when she learned that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exceeded that of neighboring civilian populations, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through public contributions to found a nurses' training hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British Army's medical services were still using the cost-accounting system she had devised in the 1860's.

I believe that the evidence of her letters supports continued respect for Nightingale's brilliance and creativity. When counseling a village schoolmaster to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on classifying the problems of the needy in order to devise appropriate treatments is similar to the approach of modern social workers. In sum, although Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability to realize ambitious projects have earned her an eminent place among the ranks of social pioneers.

第1题 第2题 第3题 第4题 第5题

According to the passage, the editors of Nightingale's letters credit her with contributing to which of the following?


Improvement of the survival rate for soldiers in British Army hospitals during the Crimean War

The development of a nurses' training curriculum that was far in advance of its day

The increase in the number of women doctors practicing in British Army hospitals

Establishment of the first facility for training nurses at a major British university

The creation of an organization for monitoring the peacetime living conditions of British soldiers

加入错题本 分享
纠错
考题讲解

此讲解的内容由AI生成，还未经人工审阅，仅供参考。

正确答案是E. 创建一个监督英国士兵和平时居住条件的组织。根据阅读材料，当Nightingale了解到士兵和平时的居住条件如此糟糕，以至于士兵的死亡率远高于邻近的民用人群后，她成功地说服政府成立皇家军队卫生委员会。因此，正确答案是E，创建一个监督英国士兵和平时居住条件的组织。

展开显示

登录 或 注册 后可以参加讨论

Prep2012-RC