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题库 / Prep2012-RC-70
In Forces of Production, David Noble examines the transformation of the machine-tool industry as the industry moved from reliance on skilled artisans to automation. Noble writes from a Marxist perspective, and his central argument is that management, in its decisions to automate, conspired against labor: the power that the skilled machinists wielded in the industry was intolerable to management. Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"—the use of technology to replace skilled labor—to the automation of the machine-tool industry. In automating, the industry moved to computer-based, digitalized "numerical control" (N/C) technology, rather than to artisan generated "record-playback" (R/P) technology.
Although both systems reduced reliance on skilled labor, Noble clearly prefers R/P, with its inherent acknowledgment of workers' skills: unlike N/C, its programs were produced not by engineers at their computers, but by skilled machinists, who recorded their own movements to "teach" machines to duplicate those movements. However, Noble's only evidence of conspiracy is that, although the two approaches were roughly equal in technical merit, management chose N/C. From this he concludes that automation is undertaken not because efficiency demands it or scientific advances allow it. But because it is a tool in the ceaseless war of capitalists against labor.
The author of the passage commends Noble's book for which of the following?
Concentrating on skilled as opposed to unskilled workers in its discussion of the machine-tool industry
Offering a generalization about the motives behind the machine-tool industry's decision to automate
Making an essential distinction between two kinds of technology employed in the machine-tool industry
Calling into question the notion that managers conspired against labor in the automation of the machine-tool industry
Applying the concept of de-skilling to the machine-tool industry
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正确答案：E。原因是文章中提到：Noble在其书中将“去技能”这一马克思主义观念应用到机器工具行业的自动化上，他对此作出了令人印象深刻的论证。
commend 表彰——his argument is impressive when...
condemn谴责
而且对于最后的generalization作者没有主观评价
果然有和我一样的瞎子。。。
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condemn是谴责 commend是赞扬
Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"
commend, 赞赏
仔细读题！
rc
词意没理解： commend 称赞，推荐
定位although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"—the use of technology to replace skilled labor—to the automation of the machine-tool industry.
赞许：Applying the concept of de-skilling to the machine-tool industry
commend v.称赞，推荐
Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"—the use of technology to replace skilled the automation of the machine-tool industry
impressive 代表作者对Noble的正面态度
although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling" 原文
把commend看成了command！
commend v.称赞，推荐
Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"—the use of technology to replace skilled the automation of the machine-tool industry.
commend：称赞，不是单纯的评论
The author of the passage ”commends“
所以要紧跟commend这一点，考细节，从author对FoP这本书的评价中找，Noble fails to substantiate this claim, although his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"
不能自行概括
没明白题意，commend称赞 因此要选择一个正向的词
his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"
第一段有一个impressive，这个考细节。验证了那句，所有的都是来自于原文
his argument is impressive when he applies the Marxist concept of "de-skilling"
寻找作者的正面评价词：impressive