Though the artifacts of pre-Columbian civilization created a stir from the very first European contacts with the New World in the sixteenth century, it was not until the latter half of the nineteenth century that Western designers, artists, and crafters were inspired to imitate them.


it was not until the latter half of the nineteenth century that Western designers, artists, and crafters were inspired to imitate them

they did not inspire imitations of Western designers, artists, and crafters until it was the latter half of the nineteenth century

not until the latter half of the nineteenth century was it that they have inspired Western designers, artists, and crafters to imitation

until the latter half of the nineteenth century Western designers, artists, and crafters have not been inspired to imitate

they were not inspirations of Western designers, artists, and crafters imitations until the latter half of the nineteenth century

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题目分析：
略

选项分析：

A选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。

B选项：名词短语imitations of Western designers, artists, and crafters需改为不定式短语to imitate Western designers, artists, and crafters。这点考查了不定式和名词的区别。用之于本题，由于变化成分是宾语，所以应根据其主句的约束力来决定。谓语动词inspire是“鼓励”的意思，在本句中显然约束力较强，所以应该用不定式作宾语或者宾补。另外，代词it没有指代对象（注意，代词只能指代名词，不能指代句子）。

C选项：本选项中的to imitation依然是名词短语（此时to是介词），因此，根据不定式和名词的区别，inspire的宾语的补足语依然应用不定式短语的形式，该错误同(B)。

D选项：本选项看似简洁，但其实和语境缺乏逻辑联系。inspire没有逻辑上的主语（被动语态），imitate没有宾语。这导致了整个划线部分没有出现过artifacts。直译这句话则有：
直到19世纪的晚期，设计师等人还没有被鼓励去模仿。
模仿什么呢？如果不知道模仿什么的话，那么显然地，这句话无法和语境产生转折关系。

E选项：代词they的指代对象为artifacts，这点没有问题。但是本选项是一个系表结构，提取主干则有：
They were not inspiration。
在逻辑上，工艺品们应是主动发出“鼓励”这个动作，而不能说“工艺品本身是鼓励”。例如：
(1) 老师鼓励小明好好学习。
(2) **老师是小明好好学习的鼓励。
显然地，老师也不能是鼓励，句(2)是错误的。同理，本选项也是错误的。

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