On a glacier in the High Himalayas, a Japanese zoologist has found a species of midge that is unlike any other known insect in its spending its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier.
that is unlike any other known insect in its spending
that is unlike any insect known as it spends
that, unlike any other known insect, spends
unlike any insect known because it spends
unlike any other insect that is known, spending
题目分析:
本题考点很多,可以用各种方法杀掉错误选项。
选项分析:
A选项:介词短语in its spending its entire life cycle在本选项中做a species of midge is unlike any other knowninsect的状语。这在语意上是不正确的。例如:
James is unlike Jack in his GMAT score.
该例句的意思是:詹姆斯在他的GMAT成绩方面和杰克是不同的。这句话暗示,詹姆斯可能在很多其它地方和杰克比较相似,只在GMAT成绩方面有些区别。同理于本选项,本选项的意思是:
这种蚊子在整个生命都在冰层中这个方面和其它已知昆虫是不同的(a species of midge is unlike any other knowninsect in its spending its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier)。
其暗示:蚊子和其它昆虫在别的方面比较相似。在本选项中,我们无从得知蚊子和其它昆虫是否在其它方面是相似的,因此不能用这种表达方式。只能说:
unlike any other known insect, a species of midge spends its entire life cyclein the snow and ice of a glacier.
该例句只说明了蚊子和其它昆虫在整个生命都在冰层中这个方面不同,没有暗示其它方面的情况。
B选项:insect前面的other不能少,因为,a species of midge本身就是一个生物,它只能和“其它”的生物都不像,不能自己和自己不像(unlike)。
C选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。
D选项:because是连词,只能连接两个句子。本选项中其连接的两个句子是a Japanese zoologist has found a species of midge unlike any insect known和it spends its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier(状语应就近修饰一个句子),但在逻辑上这两句话显然没有因果关系;insect身前缺少other错误同(B)。
E选项:spending是现在分词,因此短语spending its entire life cycle做伴随状语,其主语为any other insect(其最近的句子是定语从句that is known,所以它的主语和这个从句的主语相同),但是spend在逻辑上的主语应该是a species of midge,而不是any other insect。
“unlike any other known insect” moves around
只有在选项C的位置,才没有歧义。
From Ron:the problem is just that it's not entirely clear what that sentence is supposed to mean. is it supposed to mean ...
... that no other known insect does the same thing at all? (this is the unambiguous meaning of the correct answer choice)
... or that other insects do the same thing, but not in the same way?
1. any vs any other : any-不能自己和自己比 所以B错
2. A 语义问题 in its spending 修饰is unlike 所以其他昆虫也是在雪和冰川里的,所以比较C错
3. D because 状语从句就近修饰动词known, (which is known) 不能使因为它一直在雪里才被知道
4. E spending 伴随状语,就近修饰句子主语 insect 错
A 意思不对。原本的意思是midge和其他insect不同,midge spend its entire life XXXX。而不是midge和insect在spend entire life上不同。
B any other的other不能少,只能和其他比较
C正确 这里的unlike后面的名字与that即a species of midge比较 OK
D because是连词,只能连接两个句子。 found XXX because it spends 这是两者之间并没有因果关系 错误
E spending作为伴随状语,逻辑主语为any other insect,但实际上应该是a species of midge
A:介词短语in its spending its entire life cycle在本选项中做a species of midge is unlike any other known insect的状语。这在语意上是不正确的
D:状语从句就近修饰一个动词,这里就是known。because是连词,只能连接两个句子。本选项中其连接的两个句子是a Japanese zoologist has found a species of midge unlike any insect known和it spends its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier
E:spending是伴随状语,主语与为修饰的那句话的主语,就成了any other insect
unlike any other ... 只能和其他的比 不能和自己比
非谓语修饰最近从句的主语
语义是 这个生物spend 不是其他昆虫
A that is unlike any other known insect in its spending 暗示其他方面相同,所以不行
一定要有other
spending 与最近的主语any other insect 一起,不和句意。
a: (in its spending its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier) 修饰 any other known insect——> wrong
b: any insect——>wrong (比较中要使用any other)
c: 对
d: any insect; because连接的两个句子没有因果关系
e: 伴随状语修饰最近的主语
a, any other known insect
b, any insect → 语义错误,自己不能和自己比
c, 主语是midge,谓语动词spends→ 和a有成分的差异。a的意思是花费整个生命周期情况下和其它昆虫不一样。意思是所有的species都是spending entire life cycle,只是midge和别的不一样。
c的意思是不一样之处在于midge在雪里面生活
d,because状语从句就近修饰known
e,spending伴随状语就近修饰
注意D选项的解释
[这题选出答案并不难,但是分析有点复杂]
A选项:表达的意思错误,in spending的意思是两者在这方面是不一样的,默认了在其它方面是一样的,但实际上无法判断;同时,in its spending有点wordy
B选项:any错误,应该是any other,比较需要排除自己
C选项:✅unlike...可以当作插入语
D选项:错误同B
E选项:spending修饰any other insect,实际上应该修饰a species of midge
注意D选项的解释,because是连词,前后两个句子没有逻辑关系。
答案E错误的原因是Spending 这句话修饰了zoologist,就是主语,变成 - zoologist spends its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of glacier。
所谓的伴随状语就近修饰是没有逗号的情况下,这里的spending在逗号之后,修饰的就是zoologist这整句,作为这一整句的结果。显然逻辑错误
any other 排掉bd(d because 连接两完整句子) a wordy排除, e spending主语是any other insect ,但因该是midge
A一读就是wordy 不用多说了
A:in its spending做状语修饰is unlike这件事,意思是:在生活方式这方面和其他昆虫不一样,错
B:除去自己,必须有other
C 定从句的that 连接词 和后面的谓语动词 中间可以有插入语
D:because是连词,只能连接两个句子。本选项中其连接的两个句子是a Japanese zoologist has found a species of midge unlike any insect known和it spends its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier(状语应就近修饰一个句子),但在逻辑上这两句话显然没有因果关系;insect身前缺少other错误同(B)。
E:spending 逗号+ving 伴随状语
其主语为any other insect(其最近的句子是定语从句that is known,所以它的主语和这个从句的主语相同),但是spend在逻辑上的主语应该是a species of midge,而不是any other insect。
A:本选项的意思是:
这种蚊子在整个生命都在冰层中这个方面和其它已知昆虫是不同的(a species of midge is unlike any other knowninsect in its spending its entire life cycle in the snow and ice of a glacier)。
其暗示:蚊子和其它昆虫在别的方面比较相似。在本选项中,我们无从得知蚊子和其它昆虫是否在其它方面是相似的,因此不能用这种表达方式。只能说:
unlike any other known insect, a species of midge spends its entire life cyclein the snow and ice of a glacier.
该例句只说明了蚊子和其它昆虫在整个生命都在冰层中这个方面不同,没有暗示其它方面的情况。
B:insect前面的other不能少,因为,a species of midge本身就是一个生物,它只能和“其它”的生物都不像,不能自己和自己不像(unlike)。
unlike 引导部分做状语比较好,修饰spends
A unlike sb in sth 在sth这个方面是不同的,其他方面是类似的
B选项:insect前面的other不能少
C 定从句的that 连接词 和后面的谓语动词 中间可以有插入语
D because 前面的逻辑论元是found a species 而非unlike,所以前后两句不构成因果关系
关于A的错误实战的时候我认为是spend这个东西不应该作为附属结构进行修饰,而且修饰的还是is unlike这个行为。毕竟形容这个新发现的虫的行为作为主要内容会好一些。老师这样可否考虑呢?
状语的就近修饰原则
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