The military governors and samurai warriors who ruled Japan were trained to respect simplicity, be austere, and a ritualized code of observed behavior.


to respect simplicity, be austere, and a ritualized code of observed behavior

to respect simplicity, be austere, and observe a ritualized code of behavior

that they should respect simplicity, be austere, and observe a ritualized code of behavior

that they should respect simplicity, austerity, and a code of behavior that was ritualized and observed

in order to respect simplicity, austerity, and a code of behavior that was ritualized and observed

考题讲解

题目分析:
其实本题可以直接用语法排除掉(C)(D)(E)。原句是一个SVOC句型,即,X train the military governors and samurai warriors to respect simplicity。作为补语,只能用to respect,而不能用in order to或者从句。当然,这种语法的本质上也是对逻辑的考查,详见选项分析。

选项分析:

A选项:在逻辑上,崇尚简单(respect simplicity)、变得朴素(be austere)、遵守仪式化的行为规范(observe a ritualized code of behavior)三者应该是military governors and samurai warriors做的三件事,三者应该语法和逻辑上保持平行。

B选项:Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。

C选项:本选项相当于用了从句来充当补语。这是不正确的,我们可以将整个句子还原为:
X trained the military governors and samurai warriors that they should respect simplicity, be austere, and observe a ritualized code of behavior. 
其考查了“不定式和从句的区别”。用之于本题,主句谓语动词train的意思是“训练”,我们知道,如果说是训练某人做某事,则某人做这件事是和训练有关系的。也就是说,本题中train的控制力较强,可以控制事件的发生,因此宾语的补语应该用不定式短语的形式,即,to respect simplicity, be austere, and observe a ritualized code of behavior。

D选项:从句错误同(C);平行错误同(A)。

E选项:平行错误同(A);另外,in order to通常只能用于表示状语不定式,不能用于表示宾补的不定式。

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Prep2012-SC

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