选项C.in order to do表示为了...，导致后半句没有主语；to do比in order to简洁

A. * "so many ... such that" is an incorrect idiom.
the correct idiom is "so ADJ ... that", and is used to emphasize the unusual extent of ADJ. (in this case, ADJ is "many".)

B. * you need commas around the appositive modifier ("once 75 percent of the population").
* "are now accounting for" is bulky and unnecessary (especially vs. "account for" in the other choices).

C. * most obvious problem: you can't use "which" for people.
* the "that" at the beginning is ungrammatical.

* "such that" doesn't make sense.
in fact, i don't think you should pick a sentence with "such that" in one piece. I would be suspicious of any sentence that has "such that" IN ONE PIECE.
"such NOUN that" is a perfectly respectable construction in formal English though.
the ONLY non-awkward, correct sentences i've seen with "such that" are sentences about math or physics (e.g., "choose x and y such that x + y = 10").

D. * same problem with "such that".
* "only" is misplaced. the purpose is to show that 1/2 is a smaller fraction than before, so "only" should be placed directly before "half".

E. correct.
* it's idiomatic "so many ... that"
* and everything else is ok, too.

you can only say "X results in Y" when X is an ACTION. if X is an OBJECT, you can NEVER say that X "results" in anything.

A. 将small cars的now和at any time相比较，现在的小车和其他时候的该小车做比较，但应该将today's small cars和small cars at any other time做比较的。at any time并没有剔除掉Today的时间点。today和now重复
B. they指代的就是前面的small cars，还是将现在的该小车和其他时候的该小车做比较。at any time没有剔除掉today的时间点。they是同物指代，指代的就是前面出现的东西
C. right，those是同类指代，指代的是同类的small cars。
D. more fuel-efficient small cars有歧义，到底是更多的省油车还是更省油的车？their可能指代manufacturers也可能指代small cars
E. more fuel-efficient small cars有歧义，到底是更多的省油车还是更省油的车？at any time没有剔除today的时间点

1. ABC的in addition to and besides 都是介词用法，后面接名词或者名词成分，例如动名词和从句。最大的错误是两个用语后面的名词成分都必须在句子中与一个成份形成实际意义上的语义逻辑上的平行关系。而ABC里的possibility在后面句子中找不到对应的词。
2. ABC的It指代问题，应该是leaves，复数
3. D and E, D的possible ＋动名词 preventing and inhibiting没有E的possibly preventing or inhibiting好，原因有二，一是 D中and不如E中or在语义逻辑上更准确。Ron说这两个词是mutually exclusive，不可能用and同时发生，肯定是or。同理还有一个句子里有damage and destroy，也是应该用OR，而不能用and；二是 D中possible修饰preventing 以及inhibiting，应该用副词形式修饰这两个动作。若用形容词的possible，就用prevention更合适。

The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus作同位语

few/fewer/fewest，many/more/most修饰可数名词；little/less/least，much/more/most修饰不可数名词。
amount+不可数名词：an amount of通常接不可数名词单数，是单数；the amounts of/an amounts of+不可数名词，是复数，如：large amounts of money were……；也有amounts+可数名词复数的情况，如：The amounts of carcinogens……。
number+可数名词：The number of+可数名词复数，是单数；a number of/numbers of+可数名词复数，是复数；the numbers of+可数名词复数，是复数

错选D，injure应该是被动“受伤害”，动词平行joined the army , was injured three times, and was discharged

in the domain是固定搭配

【Country X’s recent stock-trading scandal should not diminish investors’ confidence in the country’s stock market.】则是main conclusion

Since it has become known that several of a bank’s top executives have been buying shares in their own bank （evidence 1）, the bank’s depositors, who had been worried by rumors that the bank faced impending fi nancial collapse, have been greatly relieved. They reason that, since top executives evidently have faith in the bank’s fi nancial soundness, those worrisome rumors must be false. (conclusion 1) Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic(conclusion 2), however, since corporate executives have been known to buy shares in their own company in a calculated attempt to dispel negative rumors about the company’s health （evidence 2）.

在读题的时候就分清楚哪些是evidence，哪些是conclusion. 这样就容易理清每句话之间的关系了。 conclusion 1是从evidence 1得出来的。 conclusion 2在质疑conclusion 1. evidence 2 给出了质疑的理由。

P：合法捕虾不变，但96年比92年少捕了9000吨虾
C：就是非法捕虾捕走了这9000吨


Assumption：总捕虾数量不变。如果总虾数都减少了的话，不就不能支持那9000是被非法捕走。

选项A：
The illegal lobster harvesting was 【not 否定】 so extensive that the 【population总数量】 of catchable lobsters in Belukia's territorial waters had sharply declined by 1996. 非法捕捞龙虾并没有那么密集，以至于到 1996 年，Belukia 领海中可捕捞的龙虾数量急剧下降。
A 说并没有因为大量非法捕捞而导致总↓数量减少，---这就奠定了一个数量不变的基础，正确。
思路1：取非：密集地非法捕捞龙虾→虾的总数减少→合法捕捞 + 非法捕捞的数量都减少了→非法捕捞的数量就不是9000，削弱了结论

原文中说 发现沉船时，hull断成的两截挨在一起。接着说，violent waves会让漂浮在海面上的pieces离得更远，（而现在是挨在一起的，言外之意是hull断了的时候并没有在海平面上，也就是说hull是在船沉了之后/在水里面断裂的），所以并不是因为hull的断裂导致的sinking（因为前面推理出船沉到水里后，hull才断裂的）。
原文中是果因推理，果：打捞沉船时，hull的pieces挨在一起。推出 因：不是因为hull的断裂导致的sinking。
assumption来加强果因之间的联系，即排除它因

全文无转折，BF1是一个背景信息。BF2是一个position，main conclusion是Therefore, the reported declines probably did not happen.

结论：总统取消项目是出于预算考虑，而非政治打击
需要给出假设。其实就是说，在相同的情况下，在取消项目的角度，总统不会因为选区的不同而取消项目。
A：是否是唯一的惩罚手段，这和假设无关
B：在报告中，被认为是浪费的项目并不主要是总统的选区，正确。取非后，如果大部分被标记为浪费的项目是总统的选区，但总统取消的90%的项目是在反对党选区，这就不公平了

积累：
break even，收支平衡

media是复数，原型是medium

平行触发语as much…as…

题目释义： Sales declined in the late 1980s, but they began to grow again after the 1991 report that linked A, …,with B.

考点：
代词指代（reference）、平行结构（parallelism）、逻辑意思（Logical predication）
1. link…with/to…固定搭配
2. 代词若离其所指代对象太远，则会造成指代不清的情况。


【Sales】 of wines declined in the late 1980s, but 【they】began to grow again after the 1991 report [that linked moderate consumption of alcohol（, and particularly of red wine, ）with a reduced risk of heart disease]
葡萄酒的【销量】在 1980 年代后期有所下降，但【销量】又开始增长，在 1991 年的报告将适度饮酒(，尤其是红酒）与降低患心脏病的风险联系起来后
A. （√）
They是完全指代，指代sales of wines； and particularly of red wine中去掉and也是对的(and可放在插入语前，不影响逻辑)；
begin to do或begin doing都正确；
in particular在本题不如particularly有效，因为介词太多句式会复杂。


错误选项分析：
B.【Sales】 of wines declined in the late 1980s, but after the 1991 report that linked a reduced risk of heart disease with a moderate alcohol consumption, particularly red wine（少了consumption）,【they 代词太远】 began growing again （×）
red wine与alcohol consumption概念不同，不能同位修饰，应该在red wine后面也补上consumption；
they 离其所指代的sales太远，使得句子理解起来不清晰， awkward；
link A with B， A和B谁在前并不要紧。

C.【Sales】 of wines declined in the late 1980s, but in a 1991 report, moderate alcohol consumption, and particularly of red wine, 【which 指代错误】 was linked with a reduced risk of heart disease, caused them to begin to grow again （×）
in a 1991 report修饰but后整句，使句意荒谬：在报告里，酒的销量开始上升；
which指代的是red wine，错误(which通常就近指代)；
particularly of red wine与moderate alcohol consumption不平行，后者应改为moderate consumption of alcohol；
cause的主语是consumption，逻辑意思很荒谬，正确的主语应该是report。

D. 【Sales】 of wines declined in the late 1980s, but with a reduced risk of heart disease linked in a 1991 report with moderate alcohol consumption, in particular （少了of）red wine, 【they 代词太远】 began growing again （×）
red wine不能同位修饰alcohol consumption，要在red wine前面加上of；
they began growing中的they离其指代对象sales过远。

E. 【Sales】 of wines declined in the late 1980s, but a reduced 【risk 主语错误】of heart disease linked to moderate alcohol consumption in a 1991 report, and in particular red wine, started 【them指代不清】them growing again （×）
in a 1991 report有修饰moderate alcohol consumption的歧义，好像consumption是发生在report里，还是A 的表达最为明确；
in particular red wine无法修饰alcohol consumption，概念不同；
start的主语是risk错误；start them中的them指代不清。

"逗号后解释的句子一般是前一个句子的从句，所以需要引导词，如果是AB的“on the basis”或“on the grounds”的话是不需要有逗号的。C中副词没有修饰对象。
这句话有点难理解，“相邻的两州建设大型医院是对资源的浪费（完整句子），因为要避免设施的重复建设”。所以造成浪费的是duplication of facilities，设施的重复建设，而不是duplicated facilities。