a species of：一种xxx。 例句：a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants:
Seven species of birds of prey have been observed.

The noun species, referring especially to a group of organisms sharing common characteristics, can be either singular (e.g., that species is purple) or plural (e.g., these species are yellow). This is the convention in scientific writing, and it is usually followed elsewhere.

unqualified adj. 不合格的, 无资格的 // 无限制的, 无条件的;绝对的, 十足的
unqualifying adj.没有达到要求的
A's B prefer A是一个人 e.g. Lizzy's book
by sb 形容的是动词 “support of labor" is correct, "support by labor" isn't correct

Choice D: 一般现在时are reduced需改为现在完成时have reduced。一般现在时表示的是客观真理和事实，而显然这件事并非“真理”，仅仅是到现在为止的情况。而且if you can say "uncontrolled coastal netting", why would you say "coastal netting that is uncontrolled" to make it wordy

选项B：raising water bill是现在分词短语，在本选项中做定语修饰名词a cost。整个at a cost raising water bill是介词短语，作定语修饰projects。在逻辑上，应该是“项目的成本”而不是“在成本上的项目（at表示“在”）”，因此，应该用whose引导定语从句修饰projects，不能用介词短语。
Whose 可以修饰物

flat作宾补语义完美～and s连词➕副词正确用法

(A) from which 的which 指代it 即The Achaemenid empire ，而从逻辑意思上，which 应该指代 script。 根据倒装结构的要求，was 应该用were

(B) and 错误的将bringing 和deriving 平行起来，使得deriving 后面的结构也成为了主句的伴随副词，而逻辑上both the northern and the southern Indian alphabets 是从script derive 来的。因此导致逻辑意思错误。

(C) 正确，后半部分是倒装，应该是both the northern and the southern India alphabets derive from the Aramaic script

(D) derives 应该改为用复数形式

(E) 犯了同B 选项相同的逻辑错误

我就说一点，给答案的老师水平很低，你给的答案毫无用处，谢谢。

关于expect的用法，曼哈顿有下面几种：
曼哈顿：
① expect+ noun
② Subject+ expect+ that+ noun+ will... We expected that the price will fall.
③ Subject+ expect+ noun+ to... We expected the price to fall.
④ It is expected that... It is expected that the price will fall.
⑤ There is an expectation that...will... There is an expectation that the price will fall.

所以，it is expected that sth will do以及sb is expected to do的用法都是没问题的，有问题的是sb/sth is expected that 。如果这样看，不太理解E选项中expect身后不能用宾语从句，而应该用不定式的说法。。。

so as to的主语

因为句意是强调动作发生的结果，而不是修饰这个动作，所以应该是flat形容词，而不是副词形式

那为什么不考虑分子变小了？

anticipated预期的
后：than they had错误使用过去完成时，忽略了这一点

“请注意，Independent run for the presidency表示“独立竞选总统职位”，在意思上等同于independent candidacy。”

去除修饰和插入成分，找到主干，简略主干

主谓一致。

主谓一致

attribute 归属a+to+b

简单题，错了！
习惯用语考察： as likely 。。。as

as likely （to do）。。。as✅
equaly likely 。。as ❌

skeptical怀疑的 admiration赞誉的
前后是转折关系，而不是递进，只能用but，不能出现not only
而且ce，就算不考虑语意， not only but also的并列也是有问题的

C P时代有可能因气候变化导致灭绝潮 没说P时代之前没有灭绝潮