In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the male for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer.


for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve

for attracting females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, which can in fact serve

in attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and it can in fact serve

to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

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题目分析：

本题主要难度在于主句的谓语动词不好察觉，进而语意不容易掌握。整句的谓语动词是rise and fall，语意为：
在某些种类蟋蟀里，每分钟叫的数量（这是男性用来吸引女性的）是根据环境的温度来变化的，并且，它们实际上可以作为一个温度计。


选项分析：

A选项：介词短语for attracting females需改为不定式短语to attract females，这点考查了不定式和ing的区别，用之于本题，过去分词短语used by the male for attracting females是chirps的定语。因此，for attracting females是实际是宾语的补足语，即，
the male use chirps to attract females. 
因此，我们需要根据use的约束力来判断宾补的使用。显然地，use在本题中的约束力显然较强（即，“吸引女性”是和“用chirps”具有强相关），因此，应该用不定式短语。
另外，主句主语the number of chirps per minute是单数名词，应用单数动词rises and falls以保证主谓一致。
第三，代词they的指代对象有误。在逻辑上可以作为温度计的是the number of chirps per minute，一个单数名词。因此，应将they改为it。

B选项：介词短语for attracting females需改为不定式短语to attract females错误同选项(A)；选项最后的which can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer是非限定性定语从句，其应就近修饰名词the surrounding temperature，但在逻辑上，作为温度计的应是the number of chirps per minute。

C选项：介词短语in attracting females需改为不定式短语to attract females错误同选项(A)；主谓一致错误同选项(A)；分词短语in fact possibly serving as an approximate thermometer是伴随状语，在逻辑上，这个伴随状语应改为合句and it can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer，这是本题的一大难点。很多同学可能会认为“伴随”也可以表示因果啊，为什么这里不可以呢？实际上，伴随所表达的因果是一种自然而然的因果，例如：
Jack kicked the post, feeling pain. 
“感觉疼痛”是“杰克踢杆子”的自然而然的结果，所以“感觉疼痛”用了伴随状语来表达。但在本选项中，“实际上可以做温度计”显然不是“叫声随着温度而变化”的自然而然的结果，因此不能用伴随状语来表达。


D选项：Correct. 本选项在语法和逻辑上均是正确的。代词it的指代原则指代语境中合理的单数名词，本选项中正确指代the number of chirps per minute。

E选项：伴随状语in fact possibly serving as an approximate thermometer应改为合句and it can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer，该错误同选项(C)。

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