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题库 / GMATLA-RC-8
One proposal for preserving rain forests is to promote the adoption of new agricultural technologies, such as improved plant varieties and use of chemical herbicides, which would increase productivity and slow deforestation by reducing demand for new cropland. Studies have shown that farmers in developing countries who have achieved certain levels of education, wealth, and security of land tenure are more likely to adopt such technologies. But these studies have focused on villages with limited land that are tied to a market economy rather than on the relatively isolated, self-sufficient communities with ample land characteristic of rain-forest regions. A recent study of the Tawahka people of the Honduran rain forest found that farmers with some formal education were more likely to adopt improved plant varieties but less likely to use chemical herbicides and that those who spoke Spanish (the language of the market economy) were more likely to adopt both technologies. Nonland wealth was also associated with more adoption of both technologies, but availability of uncultivated land reduced the incentive to employ the productivity-enhancing technologies. Researchers also measured land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village. They found that longer residence correlated with more adoption of improved plant varieties but less adoption of chemical herbicides.
The passage suggests that in the study mentioned in highlight text the method for gathering information about security of land tenure reflects which of the following pairs of assumptions about Tawahka society?
The security of a household's land tenure depends on the strength of that household's kinship ties, and the duration of a household's residence in its village is an indication of the strength of that household's kinship ties.
The ample availability of land makes security of land tenure unimportant, and the lack of a need for secure land tenure has made the concept of legal property rights unnecessary.
The strength of a household's kinship ties is a more reliable indicator of that household's receptivity to new agricultural technologies than is its quantity of nonland wealth, and the duration of a household's residence in its village is a more reliable indicator of that household's security of land tenure than is the strength of its kinship ties.
Security of land tenure based on kinship ties tends to make farmers more receptive to the use of improved plant varieties, and security of land tenure based on long duration of residence in a village tends to make farmers more receptive to the use of chemical herbicides.
A household is more likely to be receptive to the concept of land tenure based on legal property rights if it has easy access to uncultivated land, and a household is more likely to uphold the tradition of land tenure based on kinship ties if it possesses a significant degree of nonland wealth.
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正确答案是 A。
A 选项表明，在所提及的研究中，用于收集有关土地租赁安全性的信息的方法反映了 Tawahka 社会对下列情况的假设：土地租赁安全取决于家庭血缘关系的强度，而家庭在村庄的持续时间可以衡量这种血缘关系的强度。因此，A 选项是正确答案。
定位应该在后面：Researchers also measured land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, 这个measure能够成立需要搭a里的两个桥
d e与文章内容相反，c里的than对比没有提及到
b定位错，availability of land和 land-tenure security是两个分开讨论并列的因素
Researchers also measured land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village.
假设就是land security-> kinship-> duration
这算推理题了吧？
看到这种大段大段的选项最头疼了
定位+inference：
题目问的是 security of land tenure ，定位：Researchers also measured land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village. They found that longer residence correlated with more adoption of improved plant varieties but less adoption of chemical herbicides.
L-T-->kinship ties--> DURATION,
定位最后部分土地拥有权由亲属关系而不是法律的拥有权决定，而duration可以反映亲属关系
study和Tawahka， 表示答案在最后两句
亲属关系比合法财产权是一个更重要的指标，因此研究人员通过一个家庭在该村的居住时间对其进行了衡量。 他们发现，更长的居住时间与更多采用改良植物品种而减少采用化学除草剂有关。
A: 说明了各个词语之间的代指关系，正确
B: 没提到
C: 比较，没有出现
D: 意思说反了
E: 无关
定位：in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village.
land-tenure security: in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village. 从这句话推理得出
心态好的话正确率就高，模拟考场的时候心态就不好。折磨
反应太慢！！！
依据了几个假设
做的时候看题目看了很久。技巧是：根据land tenure缩小范围
pairs of assumptions 几种假设
后面四个选项是典型的 无中生有的对比
A in Tawahka society, kinship ties are a more important indicator of this than are legal property rights, so researchers measured it by a household's duration of residence in its village.