The growing popularity of computer-based activities was widely expected to result in a decline in television viewing, since it had been assumed that people lack sufficient free time to maintain current television-viewing levels while spending increasing amounts of free time on the computer. That assumption, however, is evidently false: In a recent mail survey concerning media use, a very large majority of respondents who report increasing time spent per week using computers report no change in time spent watching television.

Which of the following would it be most useful to determine in order to evaluate the argument?


Whether a large majority of the survey respondents reported watching television regularly

Whether the amount of time spent watching television is declining among people who report that they rarely or never use computers

Whether the type of television programs a person watches tends to change as the amount of time spent per week using computers increases

Whether a large majority of the computer owners in the survey reported spending increasing amounts of time per week using computers

Whether the survey respondents' reports of time spent using computers included time spent using computers at work

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考题讲解

情景：我们可以假设，人们在用电脑时间上升时，缺乏足够的看电视的时间。但是，这个假设是错误的。因为，一个调查显示，报告用电脑时间上升的人说自己看电视的时间没有下降。

推理：首先要找准本题的结论，本题的结论是：That assumption, however, is evidently false.最重要的前提是最后一句。显然地，推理文段是通过这些回复邮件的人得出的结论。推理结构为：

前提：一个调查显示，报告用电脑时间上升的人说自己看电视的时间没有下降。
结论：在整体民众中，用电脑时间上升的人都不会下降自己看电视的时间。

因此，本题是枚举推理。


选题方式：枚举推理一共具有两个评估方向，简而言之，即，要么提到“调查的回复者”，要么给出与其它的样本的情况。

选项分析：

A选项：调查人口中是否很大部分说自己定期看电视？本选项虽然提到了“样本”，但是没有理由认为这是样本和总体的区别。

B选项：在不用或很少用电脑的人中间，是否看电视时间在减少？本选项没有提及任何与样本相关的信息。

C选项：所看电视节目类型是否随着用电脑时间上升而改变？节目类型和样本没有关系。

D选项：是否大部分电脑拥有者都说用电脑时间增多？本选项没有提及任何与样本相关的信息。

E选项：Correct. 被调查者所说的用电脑时间是否包括工作用电脑时间？如果用电脑时间包括了工作用电脑的时间，则其和减少电视的观看（主要是非工作时间）就没有必然联系了。并且该选项描述了样本群体和普罗大众的区别，属于CQ1：样本代表性问题。

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