Proposed new safety rules for Beach City airport would lengthen considerably the minimum time between takeoffs from the airport. In consequence, the airport would be able to accommodate 10 percent fewer flights than currently use the airport daily. The city's operating budget depends heavily on taxes generated by tourist spending, and most of the tourists come by plane. Therefore, the proposed new safety rules, if adopted, will reduce the revenue available for the operating budget.
The argument depends on assuming which of the following?
There are no periods of the day during which the interval between flights taking off from the airport is significantly greater than the currently allowed minimum.
Few, if any, of the tourists who use Beach City airport do so when their main destination is a neighboring community and not Beach City itself.
If the proposed safety rules are adopted, the reduction in tourist numbers will not result mainly from a reduction in the number of tourists who spend relatively little in Beach City.
Increasing the minimum time between takeoffs is the only way to achieve necessary safety improvements without a large expenditure by the city government on airport enhancements.
The response to the adoption of the new safety rules would not include a large increase in the number of passengers per flight.
情景:新的安全条例真是不怎么样啊!它增加了最小的起飞时间,城市运营预算主要来自于游客花费的税,并且大部分游客是乘坐飞机来的。因此,新的安全条例如果采用,则会减少给城市运营预算的收入。
推理:本题的前提和结论讲的是两件事,并且结论为果,所以为因果推理。
顺序的因果逻辑:因为城市运营预算主要来自于游客花费的税,并且大部分游客是乘坐飞机来的,所以新的安全条例如果采用,则会减少给城市运营预算的收入
(因)前提:城市运营预算主要来自于游客花费的税,并且大部分游客是乘坐飞机来的
(果)结论:新的安全条例如果采用,则会减少给城市运营预算的收入
选题方式:因果推理只有一个评估方向,简而言之,即(由于本题问的是假设,所以答案选项需在“取非”后满足),反驳推理文段中的结论。
选项分析:
A选项:一天中没有一个时段是飞机起飞时间间隔明显大于允许的最小时间间隔的。无论有没有这个时间,新的安全条例依然会减少城市的运营预算收入。
B选项:当游客们的主要终点是Beach City周边的城市时,很少有游客会用Beach City的机场。这种游客也不一定就不会在Beach City花钱(上税),所以本选项和结论无关。
C选项:如果新的安全条例被采纳,减少的游客不会是那些在Beach City花钱很少的游客。就算减少的都是花钱少的游客,Beach City的收入也依然会减少一些。
D选项:增加最小间隔时间是唯一一个不花大成本升级机场的增加安全系数的办法。本选项和推理文段的结论无关。
E选项:Correct. 采纳新的安全条例不会包含增加每班飞机的人数。如果可以增加每班飞机的人数,则在Beach City的总游客数可能就不会有变化,因而不会减少税收。
论点:收入会少是因为来的游客会变少。关键点在”游客会变少“。
A 一天里头没有这样的时间段,在这个时间段里头飞机起飞的间隔时间大大大于现在允许的最小时间间隔。这是对现在的状况的一个描述或者评估,对将来的条例规定不会产生影响。
B 很少有游客去的是BC的周边但是走BC机场中转。现在少将来也一样少啊。
C 新的安全条例生效以后,减少的游客主要来自那些不怎么在BC花钱的人。那这部分人本来就不花钱,如果减少的是这部分人,对财政的收入不会有太大的影响。
D 是不是唯一的手段无关。
E 航班少了10%,每班次游客数目还不大增加,总的游客数目比现在就更少了,符合论点。
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