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题库 / OG2017-CR-618
Last year a chain of fast-food restaurants, whose menu had always centered on hamburgers, added its first vegetarian sandwich, much lower in fat than the chain's other offerings. Despite heavy marketing, the new sandwich accounts for a very small proportion of the chain's sales. The sandwich's sales would have to quadruple to cover the costs associated with including it on the menu. Since such an increase is unlikely, the chain would be more profitable if it dropped the sandwich.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
Although many of the chain's customers have never tried the vegetarian sandwich, in a market research survey most of those who had tried it reported that they were very satisfied with it.
Many of the people who eat at the chain's restaurants also eat at the restaurants of competing chains and report no strong preference among the competitors.
Among fast-food chains in general, there has been little or no growth in hamburger sales over the past several years as the range of competing offerings at other restaurants has grown.
When even one member of a group of diners is a vegetarian or has a preference for low-fat food, the group tends to avoid restaurants that lack vegetarian or low-fat menu options.
An attempt by the chain to introduce a lower-fat hamburger failed several years ago, since it attracted few new customers and most of the chain's regular customers greatly preferred the taste of the regular hamburgers.
情景：一个连锁的快餐企业添加了新的素食三明治。尽管市场工作做的很到位了，但是还是卖的不好。它的销量需要达到现在的四倍才能弥补成本。由于这样的上涨是不可能的，因此，从菜单上取消三明治可会让公司的利润更大一些。
推理：实际上，读完题很多考生就能想到削弱的选项了，即，虽然这个三明治不赚钱，但是它可能会吸引到更多的人来购买别的食物。本题为因果推理。顺序的因果逻辑：因为新的素食三明治的销量需要达到现在的四倍才能弥补成本，且这样的上涨是不可能的，所以从菜单上取消三明治可会让公司的利润更大一些。
（因）前提：新的素食三明治的销量需要达到现在的四倍才能弥补成本，且这样的上涨是不可能的
（果）结论：从菜单上取消三明治可会让公司的利润更大一些
选题方式：因果推理只有一个评估方向，简而言之，即，反驳推理文段中的结论。
选项分析：
A选项：虽然很多顾客没有尝试过素食三明治，但调查报告显示，凡是尝试过的人都很满意这项食品。无论顾客满意与否，只要三明治买的人少，依然不能给公司带来利润。
B选项：很多在这件连锁店吃饭的人也在别的连锁店中吃饭，并且对他们之间没有倾向性。本选项和三明治的利润如何没有关系。
C选项：在快餐店中，汉堡的销量在过去几年因为很多其它饭馆提供其它食品的原因而已经几乎没有增长了。汉堡的销量情况和三明治的情况没有关系。
D选项：Correct. 就算是一组吃晚饭的人中有一个人是素食主义者或者对低脂肪食物有偏好，那么这组人也会不选择菜单上没有素食的饭店。本选项给出了虽然三明治本身不赚钱，但是仍然不可缺乏的原因，可以反驳结论。
E选项：引入低脂肪汉堡的尝试失败了，因为这种汉堡吸引的顾客较少，并且大部分的顾客还是喜欢正常的汉堡。本选项和三明治销量不好以及利润低没有关系，毕竟，低脂汉堡和素食三明治并不是同一种东西。
对比A和D：
A选项：虽然很多顾客没有尝试过素食三明治，但调查报告显示，凡是尝试过的人都很满意这项食品。无论顾客满意与否，只要三明治买的人少，依然不能给公司带来利润。
D选项：Correct. 就算是一组吃晚饭的人中有一个人是素食主义者或者对低脂肪食物有偏好，那么这组人也会不选择菜单上没有素食的饭店。本选项给出了虽然三明治本身不赚钱，但是仍然【不可缺乏】的原因，可以反驳结论。
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